View source for Help:Table

{{Short description|Wikipedia help page}}
{{About||style considerations|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables|accessibility|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility/Data tables tutorial}}
{{Wikipedia how to|H:TABLE}}
{{beginner version|Help:Wikitable}}
{{Wiki markup}}

A [[table (information)|table]] is an arrangement of columns and rows that organizes and positions data or images. Tables can be created on Wikipedia pages using special [[wikitext]] syntax, and many different styles and tricks can be used to customise them.

Tables can be used as formatting instrument, but consider using a [[Help:List#Multi-column lists|multi column list]] instead.

== Using the toolbar ==

=== In source mode ===

[[File:WikiEditor-advanced menu-en.png|frame|center|Vector toolbar – default]]

[[File:Toolbar2.PNG|frame|center|Monobook toolbar]]

To automatically insert a table, click [[File:Vector toolbar insert table button new.png|25px]] or [[File:Button insert table.png]] (Insert a table) on the [[Help:Edit toolbar|edit toolbar]]. In the Vector toolbar the table icon is in the "Advanced" menu. If "Insert a table" is not on the toolbar follow [[mw:Customizing edit toolbar|these directions]] to add it.

The following text is inserted when '''Insert a table''' is clicked:
<syntaxhighlight lang="text">
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Caption text
|-
! Header text !! Header text !! Header text
|-
| Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example
|}
</syntaxhighlight>

This code produces the following table:
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Caption text
|-
! Header text !! Header text !! Header text
|-
| Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example
|-
| Example || Example || Example
|}

The sample text ("Header text" or "Example") is intended to be replaced with actual data. You can fill in the table while in source mode. Or use the visual editor (VE).

=== In visual editor ===

With the [[Wikipedia:Visual Editor|visual editor]] (VE) you directly fill in the cells without having to go through wikitext. See the '''[[#Tables and the visual editor (VE)|VE section]]''' farther down. VE makes it easy to add or delete rows or columns. In VE this is what shows up when clicking the table icon (in the "Insert" menu):
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!
!
!
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|-
|
|
|
|
|}
In addition, if you need to add or import a table that exists elsewhere (e.g., in a spreadsheet, on another website), it is usually possible to import that directly into the visual editor by:

* dragging and dropping a [[.csv]] file into the visual editor, or
* selecting, copying, and pasting the table into the visual editor.

== Basic table markup summary ==
{{See also|Help:Basic table markup}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! scope="col" | Table element
! scope="col" | Wikitext
! scope="col" | Required
! scope="col" | Usage notes
|-
! scope="row" | Table start
| {{kbd|<nowiki>{|</nowiki>}}
| Required
|
|-
! scope="row" | Table caption
| {{kbd|<nowiki>|+</nowiki>}}
| Optional
| Only between table start and first table row.
|-
! scope="row" | Table row
| {{kbd|<nowiki>|-</nowiki>}}
| Optional
| Can be omitted before the first row.
|-
! scope="row" | Table header cell
| {{kbd|<nowiki>!</nowiki>}}
| Optional
| Consecutive table header cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (<code>!!</code>); or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (<code>!</code>).
|-
! scope="row" | Table data cell
| {{nowrap|{{kbd|<nowiki>|</nowiki>}} or {{kbd|<nowiki>||</nowiki>}}}}
| Optional
| Consecutive table data cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (<code><nowiki>||</nowiki></code>) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (<code><nowiki>|</nowiki></code>). This mark is also used to separate [[HTML attribute]]s from cell and caption contents.
|-
! scope="row" | Table end
| {{kbd|<nowiki>|}</nowiki>}}
| Required
|
|}

*The above marks must ''start on a new line'', except the double marks (<code>||</code> and <code>!!</code>) for optionally adding consecutive cells to a single line.
*''Blank spaces'' at the beginning of a line are ignored.
*''Content'' may either follow its cell mark on the same line (after any optional HTML attributes); or on lines below the cell mark (beware of undesired paragraphs though). Content that uses wiki markup that itself needs to start on a new line, such as with lists, headings, or nested tables, must be on its own new line.
*To insert a ''pipe character'' (<code>|</code>) into a table caption or cell, use the <code>&lt;nowiki&gt;|&lt;/nowiki&gt;</code> escaping markup.

===HTML attributes===
Each mark, except table end (<code><nowiki>|}</nowiki></code>), optionally accepts one or more ''[[HTML attribute|attributes]]''. Attributes must be on the same line as the mark.

*''Cells'' and ''captions'' (<code>|</code> or <code>||</code>, <code>!</code> or <code>!!</code>, and <code>|+</code>) hold ''content''—separate any attribute from its content with a single pipe (<code>|</code>), with attributes preceding content.
*''Table'' and ''row'' marks (<code>{|</code> and <code>|-</code>) do not directly hold content. Do ''not'' add a pipe (<code>|</code>) after any attributes.

Commonly included attributes in tables include: <code>class</code>, for example <code>class="wikitable"</code>; <code>style</code>, for [[CSS]] styling; <code>scope</code>, to indicate row or column header cells; <code>rowspan</code>, to extend cells by more than one row; <code>colspan</code>, to extend cells by more than one column.

== Pipe syntax tutorial ==
{{For|an introduction to HTML and tables|Help:Table/HTML and tables}}

Although HTML table syntax also works, special [[wikicode]] can be used as a shortcut to create a table. The [[vertical bar]] or "pipe" symbol (<code>&thinsp;|&thinsp;</code>) codes function exactly the same as [[HTML table]] markup, so a knowledge of HTML table code helps understand pipe code. The shortcuts are as follows:

The entire table is encased with curly brackets and a vertical bar character (a pipe). So use <code>'''{|'''</code> to begin a table, and <code>'''|}'''</code> to end it. Each one needs to be on its own line:
 <span style="color: #a63;">'''<nowiki>{|</nowiki>'''</span>
   ''table code goes here''
 <span style="color: #a63;">'''<nowiki>|}</nowiki>'''</span>

An optional '''table [[Help: Table caption|caption]]''' is included with a line starting with a vertical bar and plus sign "<code>'''|+'''</code>" and the caption after it:
 <nowiki>{|</nowiki>
 <span style="color: #a63;">'''<nowiki>|+</nowiki> ''caption'''''</span>
   ''table code goes here''
 <nowiki>|}</nowiki>

To start a new '''table [[Row (database)|row]]''', type a vertical bar and a [[hyphen]] on its own line: "<code>'''|-'''</code>". The codes for the cells in that row start on the next line.
 <nowiki>{|</nowiki>
 <nowiki>|+</nowiki> The table's caption
 <span style="color: #a63;">'''<nowiki>|-</nowiki>'''</span>
   ''row code goes here''
 <span style="color: #a63;">'''<nowiki>|-</nowiki>'''</span>
   ''next row code goes here''
 <nowiki>|}</nowiki>

Type the codes for each ''[[table cell]]'' in the next row, starting with a bar:
 <nowiki>{|</nowiki>
 <nowiki>|+</nowiki> The table's caption
 <nowiki>|-</nowiki>
 <span style="color: #a63;">'''|'''</span> ''cell code goes here''
 <nowiki>|-</nowiki>
 <span style="color: #a63;">'''|'''</span> ''next row cell code goes here''
 <span style="color: #a63;">'''|'''</span> ''next cell code goes here''
 <nowiki>|}</nowiki>

Cells can be separated with either a new line and a single bar, or by a double bar "<code>'''||'''</code>" on the same line. Both produce the same output:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<pre>
{|
|+ The table's caption
|-
|Cell 1 || Cell 2 || Cell 3
|-
|Cell A
|Cell B
|Cell C
|-
|Cell x
|Cell y||Cell z
|}
</pre></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{|
|+ The table's caption
|-
|Cell 1 || Cell 2 || Cell 3
|-
|Cell A
|Cell B
|Cell C
|-
|Cell x
|Cell y||Cell z
|}
</div>

{{anchor|wikitable class}} Optional '''parameters''' can modify the display and styling of cells, rows, or the entire table. The simplest way to add styling is to set the <code>wikitable</code> [[CSS]] class, which in Wikipedia's [[MediaWiki:Common.css|external style sheet]] is defined to apply a gray color scheme and cell borders to tables using it:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<pre>
{| class=wikitable
|+ The table's caption
! Column header 1
! Column header 2
! Column header 3
|-
! Row header 1
| Cell 2 || Cell 3
|-
! Row header A
| Cell B
| Cell C
|}
</pre></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|+ The table's caption
! Column header 1
! Column header 2
! Column header 3
|-
! Row header 1
| Cell 2 || Cell 3
|-
! Row header A
| Cell B
| Cell C
|}
</div>

The table parameters and cell parameters are the same as in [[HTML]], see&nbsp;http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/struct/tables.html#edef-TABLE and [[Table (HTML)]]. However, the {{tag|thead|o}}, {{tag|tbody|o}}, {{tag|tfoot|o}}, {{tag|colgroup|o}}, and {{tag|col|o}} elements are currently [[Help:HTML in wikitext#Unsupported elements|not supported in MediaWiki]], {{as of|lc=y|2021|12}}.

A table can be useful even if none of the cells have content. For example, the background colors of cells can be changed with cell parameters, making the table into a diagram, like [[meta:Template talk:Square 8x8 pentomino example]]. An "image" in the form of a table is much more convenient to edit than an uploaded image.

Each row must have the same number of cells as the other rows, so that the number of columns in the table remains consistent. For empty cells, use the zero width space {{Code|&#x200B;|html}} or older non-breaking space {{Code|&nbsp;|html}} as content to ensure that the cells are displayed.

With <code>colspan</code> and <code>rowspan</code> cells can span several columns or rows; {{see below|{{section link||Mélange}}, below}}

=== Rendering the pipe ===
{{anchor|Rendering_pipe_itself}}
When cell ''content'' that contains a [[vertical bar|pipe]] character does not render correctly, simply add an empty format for that cell. The second pipe character in a line of <code>|''cell&nbsp;code''</code> will not display; it is reserved for adding a format. Wikicode between the first and second pipe is a format, but since emptiness or an error there is ignored, it just disappears. When this happens, add a dummy format. {{Crossref|selfref=no|(For a real format, see {{section link||HTML attributes}}.)}} Use a third pipe character to render your first pipe character.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
Rendering the first pipe when it is the third pipe in the cell code.

'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="moin">
{| class=wikitable
|-
|''formatting''|P|i|p|e|
|C|e|l|l|2|
|-
|''formatting''|P|i|p|e||''formatting''|C|e|l|l|2|
|-
||P|i|p|e|s||C|e|l|l|2|
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
|''formatting''|P|i|p|e|
|C|e|l|l|2|
|-
|''formatting''|P|i|p|e||''formatting''|C|e|l|l|2|
|-
||P|i|p|e|s||C|e|l|l|2|
|}
</div>

The third and later pipe characters will render, but to display two ''adjacent'' pipe characters in a cell, (instead of having them act as the first pipe at the start of a new cell), other pipe-rendering options are needed. Instead of using a dummy format to render a pipe, you can render it directly by 1) {{tag|nowiki|content={{!}}}} (preferred) or 2) [[html#Character and entity references| html]]: <code>&amp;#124;</code> or <code>&amp;#x7C;</code>. Each line of cell code in the following table has one wikicode pipe.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
Displaying adjacent pipes

'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=xml style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
{| class=wikitable
|-
|<nowiki>|</nowiki>Pipes34:<nowiki>||</nowiki>
|-
|&#124;Pipes34:&#124;&#x7C;
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
|<nowiki>|</nowiki>Pipes34:<nowiki>||</nowiki>
|-
|&#124;Pipes34:&#124;&#x7C;
|}
</div>

Template {{tl2|!}}, because of the order in which things are parsed, is equivalent to typing in a single | pipe character. The single <code>[[help:nowiki|&lt;nowiki />]]|</code> parser-tag does not apply here. See how they do not [[escape character|escape]] the second pipe, as &amp;#124 and {{tag|nowiki|content={{!}}}} did above:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
Common mechanisms that do not work in tables

'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=xml style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
{| class=wikitable
|-
|<nowiki />|Pipe3:|
|-
|Pipe2:{{!}}Pipe3:{{!}}
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
|<nowiki />|Pipe3:|
|-
|Pipe2:{{!}}Pipe3:{{!}}
|}
</div>

=== Scope ===

'''Column headers''' are identified by <code>! scope="col" |</code> instead of <code>|</code>. '''Row headers''' are identified by <code>! scope="row" |</code> instead of <code>|</code>. Each header cell should be on a separate line in the wiki-markup. The <code>scope="col"</code> and <code>scope="row"</code> markup should be used for column and row headers in all data tables because it explicitly associates the header with the corresponding cells, which helps ensure a consistent experience for screen readers. The Manual of Style [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility/Data tables tutorial#Overview of basics|requires the use of scope for column and row headers]].

For [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility/Data tables tutorial#Complex tables|complex tables]], when a header spans two columns or rows, use <code>! scope="colgroup" colspan="2" |</code> or <code>! scope="rowgroup" rowspan="2" |</code> respectively to clearly identify the header as a column header of two columns or a row header of two rows. When headers are unclear, this can cause accessibility issues; therefore, use <code>id=</code> to set a unique value without spaces on each header, then reference the id(s) on the data cells that have unclear headers using <code>headers=</code> with a space separating each id.

Header cells typically render differently from regular cells, depending on the browser. They are often rendered in a bold font and centered. If this rendering is not desired from an aesthetic point of view, the table can be styled with the "plainrowheaders" class which left-aligns the row headers and removes the bolding.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
A typical example may be marked up like this:

'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text highlight="7,8,10,11">
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
 |+ The table's caption
 ! scope=col | Column header 1
 ! scope=col | Column header 2
 ! scope=col | Column header 3
 |-
 ! scope=row | Row header 1
 | Cell 2 || Cell 3
 |-
 ! scope=row | Row header A
 | Cell B || Cell C
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
 |+ The table's caption
 ! scope=col | Column header 1
 ! scope=col | Column header 2
 ! scope=col | Column header 3
 |-
 ! scope=row | Row header 1
 | Cell 2 || Cell 3
 |-
 ! scope=row | Row header A
 | Cell B || Cell C
|}
</div>

=== Row headers ===

Note that with row headers you need to use a separate row in the wikitext for the row header cell. See the correct format in the last table in the previous section. Note the use of single and double pipes (bars).

Here below is what the table looks like if the data cell wikitext is on the same line as the row header wikitext. Note that the data cell backgrounds are the same shade of gray as the column and row headers. Data cells should have a lighter background.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">

'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text highlight="7,9">
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
 |+ The table's caption
 ! scope=col | Column header 1
 ! scope=col | Column header 2
 ! scope=col | Column header 3
 |-
 ! scope=row | Row header 1 || Cell 2 || Cell 3
 |-
 ! scope=row | Row header A || Cell B || Cell C
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
 |+ The table's caption
 ! scope=col | Column header 1
 ! scope=col | Column header 2
 ! scope=col | Column header 3
 |-
 ! scope=row | Row header 1 || Cell 2 || Cell 3
 |-
 ! scope=row | Row header A || Cell B || Cell C
|}
</div>

If you have a long wiki table in the above format and want to quickly make the data cell backgrounds lighter, then use '''[[:toolforge:magnustools/tab2wiki.php|tab2wiki]].''' Copy the table right off the page (not the wikitext) and paste it into tab2wiki. Check the following boxes:
*First element in a column is a header
*First element in a row is a header
Uncheck this:
*Compress table
Check or uncheck "sortable table" depending on your needs. Then click "Do it". Copy the wikitext results back to the wiki. You must use <code>class=wikitable</code> to get the background shading.

Tab2wiki fixes the problem by using the long table format in the wikitext. Note that only single bars (pipes) are used below.

The row header cells are on separate lines in the wikitext. You will have to add back the scopes to make <code>class=plainrowheaders</code> work, and get non-bolded row header text.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text highlight=11-13>
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
 |+ The table's caption
!Column header 1
!Column header 2
!Column header 3
|-
!Row header 1
|Cell 2
|Cell 3
|-
!Row header A
|Cell B
|Cell C
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
 |+ The table's caption
!Column header 1
!Column header 2
!Column header 3
|-
!Row header 1
|Cell 2
|Cell 3
|-
!Row header A
|Cell B
|Cell C
|}
</div>

Another way to fix the problem is to copy the table wikitext to a text editor such as freeware NoteTab Light. The following method works for tables with flag templates. In the table wikitext do a mass replace of
:'''}}||'''
with
:'''}}^P|'''
'''^P''' is the NoteTab Light code for a line break. That puts the row header cells on a separate line in the wikitext. And you don't lose your templates or styling. And you maintain most of the compressed wikitext format.

== Simple straightforward tables ==

=== Minimalist table ===

Both of these generate the same output. Choose a style based on the number of cells in each row and the total text inside each cell.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">

'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
{|
|-
| A
| B
|-
| C
| D
|}
</syntaxhighlight>

<syntaxhighlight lang=tid style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
{|
|-
| A || B
|-
| C || D
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result (note that there are no borders).'''
{|
|-
| A
| B
|-
| C
| D
|}
</div>

=== Multiplication table ===
Note that in this example <code>class="wikitable"</code> is used to style the table with Wikipedia's external style sheet for tables. It adds borders, background shading, and bold header text.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''

<syntaxhighlight lang=tid>
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! ×
! 1
! 2
! 3
|-
! 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! ×
! 1
! 2
! 3
|-
! 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
</div>

== Whole table operations ==
=== Captions and summaries ===
{{More|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility/Data tables tutorial#Proper table captions and summaries}}
Explicit table ''captions'' are recommended for data tables as a best practice; the Wikipedia Manual of Style [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility/Data tables tutorial#Correct table captions|considers them a high priority]] for accessibility reasons, as a caption is explicitly associated with the table, unlike a normal wikitext heading or introductory sentence. All data tables on Wikipedia require captions. A caption is provided with the <code>|+</code> markup, similar to a table row (<code>|-</code>), but it does not contain any cells, and is not within the table border. Captions are always displayed, appearing as a title centered (in most browsers), above the table. A caption can be styled (with inline, not block, CSS), and may include wikilinks, reference citations, etc.

A {{em|summary}} provides an overview of the data of a table for text and audio browsers, and does not normally display in graphical browsers. The summary (also a high Manual of Style priority for tables) is a synopsis of content, and does not repeat the caption text; think of it as analogous to an image's <code>alt</code> description. A summary is added with <code>summary="{{var|Summary text here.}}"</code>, on the same line as the <code><nowiki>{|</nowiki></code> that opened the table, along with any <code>class=</code> and other parameters for the table as a whole. <!--{{em|The summary cannot be styled, wikilinked, or otherwise marked up, but must be simple, plain text. It cannot even include italics.}} (It may contain character entity codes, such as <code>&amp;ndash;</code>.)--> The <code>summary=</code> attribute is, however, [[Wikipedia:HTML 5#Table_attributes|obsolete in HTML&nbsp;5]].

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki markup''' example showing left-aligned caption with a source citation:
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid>
{| class=wikitable
|+ style="text-align: left;" | Data reported for 2014–2015, by region<ref name="Garcia 2005"/>
|-
! scope=col | Year !! scope=col | Africa !! scope=col | Americas !! scope=col | Asia & Pacific !! scope=col | Europe
|-
! scope=row | 2014
| 2,300 || 8,950 || ''9,325'' || 4,200
|-
! scope=row | 2015
| 2,725 || ''9,200'' || 8,850 || 4,775
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|+ style="text-align: left;" | Data reported for 2014–2015, by region{{dummy ref|99}}
|-
! scope=col | Year !! scope=col | Africa !! scope=col | Americas !! scope=col | Asia & Pacific !! scope=col | Europe
|-
! scope=row | 2014
| 2,300 || 8,950 || ''9,325'' || 4,200
|-
! scope=row | 2015
| 2,725 || ''9,200'' || 8,850 || 4,775
|}
</div>

=== Width ===
:'''''Note:''' <code>width=X</code> is obsolete in [[HTML 5]], and so it could eventually be ignored by [[MediaWiki]]. See: [[Wikipedia: HTML 5#Table attributes]]. Use CSS style instead: <code>style="width: Xpx;"</code>''

'''<code>style=max-width:Xem</code>''' can be used in the top line of a table's wikitext to specify the maximum width of the table as a whole. For some tables this is all that is needed.

The following table excerpt is from [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_wealth_per_adult&oldid=1023784152 this version] of [[List of countries by wealth per adult]]. The goal is to '''narrow the data columns,''' and have the '''country names spread out on one line each.''' All of this makes it easier when scanning down a country list. But the country names have to wordwrap if needed (in narrow portrait views on some cell phones, etc.). So '''<code>style=max-width:Xem</code>''' was used in selected column heads. Here is the relevant header wikitext:

<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
! Country or [[subnational area]]
! style=max-width:4em | Median wealth per adult ([[USD]])
! style=max-width:4em | Mean wealth per adult ([[USD]])
! style=max-width:4em | Adult population
</syntaxhighlight>

{{static row numbers}}
{|class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers" style=text-align:right
|-class=static-row-header style=vertical-align:bottom
! Country or [[subnational area]]
! style=max-width:4em | Median wealth per adult ([[USD]])
! style=max-width:4em | Mean wealth per adult ([[USD]])
! style=max-width:4em | Adult population
|-
|style=text-align:left | {{DRC}}
|382
|1,084
|37,100,000
|-
|style=text-align:left | {{MOZ}}
|352
|880
|13,814,000
|}

Here below is what it looks like without '''<code>style=max-width:Xem</code>''' <br>
Narrow your browser window to see how the table below contracts versus the one above. The table above maintains one line per country for narrower browser and screen widths, and is therefore more readable in long country tables. The table format below can greatly increase in number of lines, and require more vertical scrolling.

{{static row numbers}}
{|class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers" style=text-align:right
|-class=static-row-header style=vertical-align:bottom
! Country or [[subnational area]]
! Median wealth per adult ([[USD]])
! Mean wealth per adult ([[USD]])
! Adult population
|-
|style=text-align:left | {{DRC}}
|382
|1,084
|37,100,000
|-
|style=text-align:left | {{MOZ}}
|352
|880
|13,814,000
|}

'''[[Em units]]''' are good because they increase in size along with the zoom setting. ''Max-width'' is better than using breaks <code><nowiki><br></nowiki></code> in headers, because header breaks annoy people using [[screen readers]] due to the pauses. ''Max-width'' also allows tables to shrink to fit in smaller tablet and phone screens.

'''<code>style=width:Xem</code>''' does not narrow further in any circumstance, and so its use should be avoided. See why on this '''[[Help:Table/Width|subpage]].''' For the same reason <code>class=nowrap</code> should be avoided.

=== Height ===

The height of the whole table can be specified, as well as the height of a row. The height of the middle row below is set to <code>style=height:7em</code> and the total height of the whole table is set to <code>style=height:14em</code> units. Doing the math shows that the height of the top and bottom rows are 3.5 em units each. 3.5 + 3.5 + 7 = 14. If there is wordwrap then the height will increase to accommodate this.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki markup'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text highlight=6>
{| class=wikitable style=height:14em;
|-
! Left !! Center !! Right
|-
| Top left cell || Top center cell || Top right cell
|- style=height:7em
| Middle left cell || Middle center cell || Middle right cell
|-
| Bottom left cell || Bottom center cell || Bottom right cell
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable style=height:14em
|-
! Left !! Center !! Right
|-
| Top left cell || Top center cell || Top right cell
|- style=height:7em
| Middle left cell || Middle center cell || Middle right cell
|-
| Bottom left cell || Bottom center cell || Bottom right cell
|}
</div>
{{anchor|Setting borders for tables and all table cells}}

=== Setting borders ===
:'''''Note:''' [[Wikipedia:HTML 5#Table attributes]]. CSS to replace obsolete attributes for borders, padding, spacing, etc.''
Add a border around a table using the CSS property <code>border: ''thickness style color'';</code>, for example <code>border:3px dashed red</code>. This example uses a solid (non-dashed) gray border that is one pixel wide:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=moin>
{| style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"
! style="width: 140px;" | Left
! style="width: 150px;" | Center
! style="width: 130px;" | Right
|-
| [[File:StarIconBronze.png|120px|Bronze star icon]]
| [[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|Gold star icon]]
| [[File:StarIconGreen.png|120px|Green star icon]]
|- style="text-align: center;"
| Bronze star || Gold star || Green star
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"
! style="width: 140px;" | Left
! style="width: 150px;" | Center
! style="width: 130px;" | Right
|-
| [[File:StarIconBronze.png|120px|Bronze star icon]]
| [[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|Gold star icon]]
| [[File:StarIconGreen.png|120px|Green star icon]]
|- style="text-align: center;"
| Bronze star || Gold star || Green star
|}
</div>
Note the bottom-row texts are centered by <code>style="text-align: center;"</code> while the star images are not centered (i.e. left aligned).

As long as the <code>File:</code> specs omit the parameter <code>|thumb</code> they don't show the caption lines in the table (only during mouse-over). The border color <code>darkgray</code> matches typical tables or infoboxes in articles; however, it could be any color name (as in <code>style="border: 1px solid darkgreen;"</code>) or use a [[Hex triplet|hex-color]] (such as: <code>#DDCCBB</code>).

=== Borders of every cell in a table ===

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| border=1
|-
| A || B || C
|-
| D || E || F
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| border=1
|-
| A || B || C
|-
| D || E || F
|}
</div>

If all cells have the same border color, the resulting double borders may not be wanted; add the <code>border-collapse: collapse;</code> CSS property on the table opening tag to reduce them to single ones (<code>cellspacing=...</code> is [[WP:HTML5|obsolete]]).

Additionally, the [[W3C]] [http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/obsolete.html#attr-background allows] the use of the otherwise obsolete <code>border=</code> attribute on the table root (<code>{|</code>) if its value is "1". This adds a one-pixel border, in the default color, to the table and all of its cells at once:

Using the <code>border-collapse</code> property to combine the double borders, as described above:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
| A || B || C
|-
| D || E || F
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
| A || B || C
|-
| D || E || F
|}
</div>

=== Side by side tables ===

You can place two or more tables side by side. But the tables must wrap (one dropping below the other) in narrow screens if horizontal scrolling is to be avoided. Here is the relevant wikitext below. More info [https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/prop_style_display.asp here].

<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
<div style=display:inline-table>
--Table--
</div>
<div style=display:inline-table>
--Table--
</div>
</syntaxhighlight>

Note that the space between the tables happens because <nowiki></div></nowiki> is on a line by itself. If you want no space use this:
:<nowiki></div><div style=display:inline-table></nowiki>

Narrow your browser window to see the tables below wrap. This works in mobile view too. Click on "mobile view" at the bottom of any Wikipedia page.

These tables are adapted excerpts from versions of [[Iceland men's national handball team]]. Many sport articles have side by side tables.

<div style=display:inline-table>
{{Static row numbers}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers" border=1 style=text-align:right
|+ Total number of matches played in official competitions only.
|-
!Player
!Matches
!Goals
|-
|style=text-align:left|[[Guðmundur Hrafnkelsson]]
|'''407'''
|0
|-
|style=text-align:left|[[Guðjón Valur Sigurðsson]]
|'''364'''
|1,875
|}
</div>
<div style=display:inline-table>
{{Static row numbers}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers" border=1 style=text-align:right
|+ Total number of goals scored in official matches only.
|-
!Player
!Goals
!Matches
!Average
|-
|style=text-align:left|[[Guðjón Valur Sigurðsson]]
|'''1,875'''
|364
|5.15
|-
|style=text-align:left|[[Ólafur Stefánsson]]
|'''1,570'''
|330
|4.76
|}
</div>

<code><nowiki>style=display:inline-table</nowiki></code> can not be added within the table wikitext. It must be added outside the table wikitext. This is because the table captions will not be correctly placed in mobile portrait view, or other narrow mobile screens, when the tables wrap. This is especially noticeable if the caption is longer. In that case when one table drops below the other, then the caption will be severely wrapped above only the first column of the table.

=== Side by side tables and images ===

You can add images to the mix too. Add '''''<code>vertical-align:top;</code>''''' to align an item to the top. See '''[https://www.w3schools.com/cssref/pr_pos_vertical-align.asp CSS vertical-align property]''' for other options. The tables and images will wrap depending on screen width. Narrow your browser window to see. For example:
*<code><nowiki><div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;"></nowiki></code>

<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
{| class=wikitable
|+Table 1
|-
! Name
! Color
|-
|Fred
|Orange
|-
|Bob
|Green
|-
|Lindy
|Yellow
|}
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|200px|thumb|none|New York City]]
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
{| class=wikitable
|+Table 2
|-
! Animal
! State
|-
|Raccoon
|Maine
|-
|Whale
|Alaska
|-
|Manta Ray
|Florida
|}
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
[[File:Gold star on blue.gif]]
</div>

Add '''''<code>vertical-align:bottom;</code>''''' to align an item to the bottom. You can choose the alignment for each item. Note the star aligned to the bottom.

<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
{| class=wikitable
|+Table 1
|-
! Name
! Color
|-
|Fred
|Orange
|-
|Bob
|Green
|-
|Lindy
|Yellow
|}
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|200px|thumb|none|New York City]]
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
{| class=wikitable
|+Table 2
|-
! Animal
! State
|-
|Raccoon
|Maine
|-
|Whale
|Alaska
|-
|Manta Ray
|Florida
|}
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:bottom;">
[[File:Gold star on blue.gif]]
</div>

You can add '''indentation''' by adding margin styling to the first div:

*<code><nowiki><div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top; margin-left:4em;"></nowiki></code>

<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top; margin-left:4em;">
{| class=wikitable
|+Table 1
|-
! Name
! Color
|-
|Fred
|Orange
|-
|Bob
|Green
|-
|Lindy
|Yellow
|}
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|200px|thumb|none|New York City]]
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top;">
{| class=wikitable
|+Table 2
|-
! Animal
! State
|-
|Raccoon
|Maine
|-
|Whale
|Alaska
|-
|Manta Ray
|Florida
|}
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:bottom;">
[[File:Gold star on blue.gif]]
</div>

=== Float table left or right ===

Two table classes <code>floatleft</code> and <code>floatright</code> (case sensitive) help floating the table and adjusting table margins so that they do not stick to the text. <code>floatleft</code> floats the table to the left and adjusts right margin. <code>floatright</code> does the opposite. Example:
<pre style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
This paragraph is before the table. The text in column 2 spans both rows because of format specifier "rowspan=2" so there is no coding for "Col 2" in the 2nd row, just Col 1 and Col 3.
{| class="wikitable floatright"
| Col 1, row 1
| rowspan="2" | Col 2, row 1 (and 2)
| Col 3, row 1
|-
| Col 1, row 2
| Col 3, row 2
|}
{| class="wikitable floatleft"
| Col 1, row 1
| rowspan="2" | Col 2, row 1 (and 2)
| Col 3, row 1
|-
| Col 1, row 2
| Col 3, row 2
|}
Sed ut perspiciatis, unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam eaque ipsa, quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt, explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem, quia voluptas sit, aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos, qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt, neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum, quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt, ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit, qui in ea voluptate velit esse, quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum, qui dolorem eum fugiat, quo voluptas nulla pariatur?
</pre>

As it appears in a browser:
<div style="background: white; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 2px; text-align: justify;">
This paragraph is before the table. The text in column 2 spans both rows because of format specifier "rowspan=2" so there is no coding for "Col 2" in the 2nd row, just Col 1 and Col 3.
{| class="wikitable floatright"
| Col 1, row 1
| rowspan="2" | Col 2, row 1 (and 2)
| Col 3, row 1
|-
| Col 1, row 2
| Col 3, row 2
|}
{| class="wikitable floatleft"
| Col 1, row 1
| rowspan="2" | Col 2, row 1 (and 2)
| Col 3, row 1
|-
| Col 1, row 2
| Col 3, row 2
|}
Sed ut perspiciatis, unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam eaque ipsa, quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt, explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem, quia voluptas sit, aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos, qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt, neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum, quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt, ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit, qui in ea voluptate velit esse, quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum, qui dolorem eum fugiat, quo voluptas nulla pariatur?
</div>

Note that although there are other ways to float a table, such as <code><nowiki>style="float:left;"</nowiki></code>, <code><nowiki>style="float:right;"</nowiki></code>, the only parameters that allow you to position the table ''under'' a floated multimedia object are <code>floatleft</code> and <code>floatright</code>. For example:

Aligning the table with <code>floatleft</code> produces:
<div style="background: white; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 2px; text-align: justify;">
[[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|left]]
{| class="wikitable floatleft"
| Col 1, row 1
| rowspan="2" | Col 2, row 1 (and 2)
| Col 3, row 1
|-
| Col 1, row 2
| Col 3, row 2
|}
Sed ut perspiciatis, unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam eaque ipsa, quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt, explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem, quia voluptas sit, aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos, qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt, neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum, quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt, ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit, qui in ea voluptate velit esse, quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum, qui dolorem eum fugiat, quo voluptas nulla pariatur?

</div>{{clear}}

But aligning it with <code><nowiki>style="float:left;"</nowiki></code> produces:

<div style="background: white; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 2px; text-align: justify;">
[[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|left]]
{| class="wikitable" style="float:left;"
| Col 1, row 1
| rowspan="2" | Col 2, row 1 (and 2)
| Col 3, row 1
|-
| Col 1, row 2
| Col 3, row 2
|}
Sed ut perspiciatis, unde omnis iste natus error sit voluptatem accusantium doloremque laudantium, totam rem aperiam eaque ipsa, quae ab illo inventore veritatis et quasi architecto beatae vitae dicta sunt, explicabo. Nemo enim ipsam voluptatem, quia voluptas sit, aspernatur aut odit aut fugit, sed quia consequuntur magni dolores eos, qui ratione voluptatem sequi nesciunt, neque porro quisquam est, qui dolorem ipsum, quia dolor sit amet, consectetur, adipisci velit, sed quia non numquam eius modi tempora incidunt, ut labore et dolore magnam aliquam quaerat voluptatem. Ut enim ad minima veniam, quis nostrum exercitationem ullam corporis suscipit laboriosam, nisi ut aliquid ex ea commodi consequatur? Quis autem vel eum iure reprehenderit, qui in ea voluptate velit esse, quam nihil molestiae consequatur, vel illum, qui dolorem eum fugiat, quo voluptas nulla pariatur?
</div>{{clear}}

=== Centering tables ===
{{shortcut|HELP:TABLECENTER}}

<code>align="center"</code> is [[Wikipedia:HTML 5|deprecated in HTML5]], and does not work well in Mediawiki software. For example; it will not override the left alignment of tables via <code>class=wikitable</code>.

Centered tables can be achieved, but they don't "float"; that is to say, no text appears to either side. The trick is<br>
<code><nowiki>{| style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"</nowiki></code>
<ref group=note>''border: none;'' avoids an unsightly empty column in tables narrower than the browser window on Android Chrome.</ref>

Wiki markup:
<pre>
Text before table...
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ Cells left-aligned, table centered
|-
! scope="col" | Duis
! scope="col" | aute
! scope="col" | irure
|-
| dolor || in reprehenderit || in voluptate velit
|-
| esse cillum dolore || eu fugiat nulla || pariatur.
|}
...text after table
</pre>

As it appears in a browser:
<div style="border: 2px solid lime; padding: 2px;">
Text before table...
{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
|+ Cells left-aligned, table centered
|-
! scope="col" | Duis
! scope="col" | aute
! scope="col" | irure
|-
| dolor || in reprehenderit || in voluptate velit
|-
| esse cillum dolore || eu fugiat nulla || pariatur.
|}
...text after table.
</div>

=== Nested tables ===
{{hatnote|Note: because they cause [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Accessibility/Data tables tutorial#Avoiding nested data tables|accessibility issues]], nested tables should be avoided whenever possible.}}

Seven different (blue) tables are shown nested inside the cells of a table. Automatically, the two tables |A| and |B|B| are vertically aligned instead of the usual side-by-side of text characters in a cell. And <code>float</code> is used to fix each of tables |C| and |D| to their own position within one cell of the table. This may be used for charts and schematics, though as noted above, this is deprecated. {{em|Nested tables must start on a new line.}}

<div style="background: white; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 2px">
{| style="border: 1px solid black;"
| style="border: 1px solid black;" | &alpha;
| style="border: 1px solid black; text-align:center;" | cell2
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background: #ffffcc;" <!-- The nested table must be on a new line -->
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | NESTED
|-
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | TABLE
|}
| style="border: 1px solid black; vertical-align: bottom;" | the original table again
| style="border: 1px solid black; width:100px" |
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background: #ffffcc"
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | A
|}
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background: #ffffcc"
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | B
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | B
|}
| style="border: 1px solid black; width: 50px" |
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background:#ffffcc; float:left"
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | C
|}
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background:#ffffcc; float:right"
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | D
|}
|}
</div>


Wikitext:
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml" line highlight="4-8,11-17,19-24">
{| style="border: 1px solid black;"
| style="border: 1px solid black;" | &alpha;
| style="border: 1px solid black; text-align:center;" | cell2
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background: #ffffcc;" <!-- The nested table must be on a new line -->
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | NESTED
|-
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | TABLE
|}
| style="border: 1px solid black; vertical-align: bottom;" | the original table again
| style="border: 1px solid black; width:100px" |
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background: #ffffcc"
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | A
|}
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background: #ffffcc"
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | B
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | B
|}
| style="border: 1px solid black; width: 50px" |
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background:#ffffcc; float:left"
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | C
|}
{| style="border: 2px solid black; background:#ffffcc; float:right"
| style="border: 2px solid darkgray;" | D
|}
|}
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Scrolling ===
{{Hatnote|'''Note:''' See [[Template talk:COVID-19 pandemic data/styles2.css|this CSS talk page]] for help with scrolling tables and sticky headers.}}
{{See also-text|[[Meta: Community Wishlist Survey 2022/Reading/floating table headers]]|{{Phab|T42763}}}}
The whole table can be placed within a scrolling div so that new table lines appear on the screen as old table lines disappear. See [[MOS:SCROLL]], and [[Talk:COVID-19 pandemic deaths#Scrolling versus expanded_tables|this article discussion]]. A totally blind screen reader user in that discussion [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3ACOVID-19_pandemic_deaths&type=revision&diff=1064197434&oldid=1064193855 wrote] that the scrolling tables in the [[COVID-19 pandemic deaths|related article]] were not a problem. There are several very advanced scrolling tables (with row and column headers that stay visible and sticky while scrolling) in [[COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory]] and in [[COVID-19 pandemic deaths]]. The scrolling and sticky headers work in cell phones, too. See another scrolling table farther down: [[#Section link or map link to a row anchor]].

;Vertical scrolling table
<div style="display:inline-table;">
<div style="height:7em; overflow:auto; border:2px solid red;">
{| class=wikitable
|-
| abc || def || ghi
|- style="height: 100px;"
| jkl || style="width: 100px;" | mno || pqr
|-
| stu || vwx || yz
|}
</div></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border:">
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
<div style="height:7em; overflow:auto; border:2px solid red;">
{| class=wikitable
|-
| abc || def || ghi
|- style="height: 100px;"
| jkl || style="width: 100px;" | mno || pqr
|-
| stu || vwx || yz
|}
</div>
</syntaxhighlight></div>

;Horizontal scrolling table
Adding {{code|-x}} to {{code|overflow:auto}} forces overflowing table data to fit within page's width margin or otherwise predetermined wiki markup.

<div style="display:inline-table;">
<div style="width:30em; overflow-x:auto; border:2px solid green;">
{| class=wikitable style="width:50em"
|-
| abc || def || ghi
|- style="width: 100px;"
| jkl || style="height: 100px;" | mno || pqr
|-
| stu || vwx || yz
|}
</div></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border:">
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
<div style="width:30em; overflow-x:auto; border:2px solid green;">
{| class=wikitable style="width:50em"
|-
| abc || def || ghi
|- style="width: 100px;"
| jkl || style="height: 100px;" | mno || pqr
|-
| stu || vwx || yz
|}
</div>
</syntaxhighlight></div>

== Color; scope of parameters ==
{{See also|Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables|Wikipedia:Background color|List of colors (compact)|l3=list of colors|Web colors|Template:Coltit}}
Two ways of specifying [[Help:Using colours|color]] of text and background for a single cell are as follows:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
{|
|-
| style="background:red; color:white;"|abc
| def
| style="background:red;"|<span style="color:white;">ghi</span>
| jkl
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{|
|-
| style="background:red; color:white;"|abc
| def
| style="background:red;"|<span style="color:white;">ghi</span>
| jkl
|}
</div>

Like other parameters, colors can also be specified for a whole row or the whole table; parameters for a row override the value for the table, and those for a cell override those for a row.

''<code>style=background-color:</code>'' works in sortable header cells. ''<code>style=background:</code>'' does not. It breaks sorting in that cell. See [[Help:Sorting]].

There is no easy way to specify a color for a whole column: each cell in the column must be individually specified. Tools can make it easier.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki markup'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| style="background: yellow; color: green;"
|-
| stu || style="background: silver;" | vwx || yz
|- style="background: red; color: white;"
| stu || style="background: silver;" | vwx || yz
|-
| stu || style="background: silver;" | vwx || yz
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| style="background: yellow; color: green"
|-
| stu || style="background: silver;" | vwx || yz
|- style="background: red; color: white;"
| stu || style="background: silver;" | vwx || yz
|-
| stu || style="background: silver;" | vwx || yz
|}
</div>

To make the table blend in with the background, use <code>style="background: none;"</code> or <code>style="background: transparent;"</code>. (Warning: <code>style="background: inherit;"</code>, does not work with some older browsers, including IE6, so ensure that the table will be intelligible if the coloring preference fails.)

To force a cell to match one of the default colors of the [[Help:User style|<code>class=wikitable</code> template]], use <code>style="background:#EAECF0;"</code> {{Legend inline|#EAECF0|outline=#A2A9B1}} for the darker header, and <code>style="background:#F8F9FA;"</code> {{Legend inline|#F8F9FA|outline=#A2A9B1}} for the lighter body. #A2A9B1 is the wikitables border color.

== Cell operations ==
=== Setting cell parameters ===
At the start of a cell, add your parameter followed by a single pipe. For example, <code>style="width: 300px"|</code> sets that cell to a width of 300 pixels. To set more than one parameter, leave a space between each one.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| style="color: white;"
|-
| style="background: red;"|cell1 || style="width: 300px; background: blue;"|cell2
| style="background: green;"|cell3
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| style="color:white"
|-
| style="background: red;"|cell1 || style="width: 300px; background: blue;"|cell2
| style="background: green;"|cell3
|}
</div>

=== Vertical alignment in cells ===
By default, text is aligned to the vertical middle of the cell:

<div style="background: white; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 2px;">
{| class="wikitable" style="width: 400px;"
|-
! scope="row" style="width: 10%;"| Row header
| style="width: 70%;"|A longer piece of text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.
| style="width: 20%;"|Short text
|-
! scope="row" | Row header
| Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.<br><span style="color: #13a;">Imagine someone scrolling down the page, seeing the tops of "empty" columns, and wondering why they're empty.</span>
| Short text
|}
</div>

To align the text to the top of the cell, apply the <code>style="vertical-align: top;"</code> CSS to the rows (unfortunately, it seems to be necessary to apply this individually to every single row). The <code>valign=...</code> attribute is [[WP:HTML5|obsolete]] and should not be used.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| class=wikitable style="width: 400px;"
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
! scope="row" style="width: 10%;" | Row header
| style="width: 70%;" | A longer piece ...
| style="width: 20%;" | Short text
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
! scope="row" | Row header
| Excepteur sint occaecat...
| Short text
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable style="width: 400px;"
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
! scope="row" style="width: 10%;" | Row header
| style="width: 70%;" | A longer piece of text. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur.
| style="width: 20%;" | Short text
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
! scope="row" | Row header
| Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.<br><span style="color: #14a;">Imagine someone scrolling down the page, seeing the tops of "empty" columns, and wondering why they're empty.</span>
| Short text
|}
</div>

=== Horizontal alignment in cells ===
By default, text is aligned to the left of data cells.

By default, text is aligned to the center of header cells.

All of the above is true in both desktop and mobile view.

The alignment of header text in tables with '''''<code>class=wikitable</code>''''' stays centered regardless of global right or left text alignment via '''''<code>style=text-align:VALUE</code>''''' on the top line of table wikitext.

Header text alignment in tables without '''''class=wikitable''''' follows the global text alignment of the table.

Text alignment set in individual cells overrides everything else.

=== Cell content indenting and padding ===
The contents of a cell can be indented or padded on any side. Also, the text can be aligned. In the second row the text is aligned to the right. See the following examples.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=moin>
{| class=wikitable
|-
| Cell content that is not indented or padded
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" | style="padding-left: 2em;"
|-
| style="text-align:right; padding-right: 2em;" | style="text-align:right; padding-right: 2em;"
|-
| style="padding-top: 2em;" | style="padding-top: 2em;"
|-
| style="padding-bottom: 2em;" | style="padding-bottom: 2em;"
|-
| style="padding: 3em 5%;" | style="padding: 3em 5%;" {{space|4}} (Top and Bottom: 3em. Left and Right: 5%)
|-
| style="padding: 3em 4em 5%;" | style="padding: 3em 4em 5%;" {{space|4}} (Top: 3em. Left and Right: 4em. Bottom: 5%)
|-
| style="padding: 3%;" | style="padding: 3%;" {{space|4}} (Top, Right, Bottom, and Left: all 3%)
|-
| style="padding: 1em 20px 8% 9em;" | style="padding: 1em 20px 8% 9em;" {{space|4}} (Top: 1em. Right: 20px. Bottom: 8%. and Left: 9em.)
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
| Cell content that is not indented or padded
|-
| style="padding-left: 2em;" | style="padding-left: 2em;"
|-
| style="text-align:right; padding-right: 2em;" | style="text-align:right; padding-right: 2em;"
|-
| style="padding-top: 2em;" | style="padding-top: 2em;"
|-
| style="padding-bottom: 2em;" | style="padding-bottom: 2em;"
|-
| style="padding: 3em 5%;" | style="padding: 3em 5%;" {{space|4}} (Top and Bottom: 3em. Left and Right: 5%)
|-
| style="padding: 3em 4em 5%;" | style="padding: 3em 4em 5%;" {{space|4}} (Top: 3em. Left and Right: 4em. Bottom: 5%)
|-
| style="padding: 3%;" | style="padding: 3%;" {{space|4}} (Top, Right, Bottom, and Left: all 3%)
|-
| style="padding: 1em 20px 8% 9em;" | style="padding: 1em 20px 8% 9em;" {{space|4}} (Top: 1em. Right: 20px. Bottom: 8%. and Left: 9em.)
|}
</div>
{{clear}}

{{anchor|Pattern for arguments involving four sides|Clock order}}
[[File:Westclox Big Ben.jpg|frameless|right|upright=0.55]]
;Pattern for arguments:
The arguments to <code>style="padding: "</code> can be seen as being ordered by a [[12-hour clock]], starting at [[noon]] and going [[clockwise]], in the following sense: "top" is associated with noon (i.e. 12 o'clock, the top of a [[12-hour clock|clock]]), "right" is 3 o'clock, "bottom" is 6 o'clock, and "left" is 9 o'clock. The arguments are ordered clockwise starting at noon: top &rarr; right &rarr; bottom &rarr; left (see this<ref group=note>In <code>style="padding: 3em 4em 5%;"</code>, the value <code>4em</code> is used for both the "left" padding and the "right" padding, so the order going clockwise is: top (3em) &rarr; right [and hence also left] (4em) &rarr; bottom (5%); there is no "&rarr; left" in this case because the "left" padding has already been defined. In <code>style="padding: 3em 5%;"</code>, the value <code>3em</code> is used for both the "top" and "bottom" padding while the value <code>5%</code> is used for both the "left" and "right" padding, so the order going clockwise is: top [and hence also bottom] (3em) &rarr; right [and hence also left] (5%); there is no "&rarr; bottom" nor is there "&rarr; left" in this case because the "bottom" and "left" padding have already been defined. The same reasoning also applies to <code>style="padding: 1em 20px 8% 9em;"</code>, and <code>style="padding: 3%;"</code>.</ref> footnote for an example with an explanation).

This same order is also used elsewhere, such as when specifying a [[#Individual cell borders|cell's borders]] with <code>border-style: </code>.

=== Individual cell borders ===

The same [[#Setting borders for tables and all table cells|CSS used for tables]] can be used in a cell's format specifier (enclosed in <code>|</code>...<code>|</code>) to put a border around each cell:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
{| style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgray;"
! style="width: 140px;" | Left
! style="width: 150px;" | Center
! style="width: 130px;" | Right
|- style="text-align: center;"
| style="border: 1px solid blue;"|
[[File:StarIconBronze.png|120px|Bronze star icon]]
| style="border: 1px solid #777777;"|
[[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|Gold star icon]]
| style="border: 1px solid #22AA55;"|<!-- greenish border -->
[[File:StarIconGreen.png|120px|Green star icon]]
|- style="text-align: center;"
|Bronze star || Gold star || Green star
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| style="border-spacing: 2px; border: 1px solid darkgrey;"
! style="width: 140px;"|Left || style="width: 150px;"|Center || style="width: 130px;"|Right
|- style="text-align: center;"
| style="border: 1px solid blue;"|
[[File:StarIconBronze.png|120px|Bronze star icon]]
| style="border: 1px solid #777;"|
[[File:StarIconGold.png|120px|Gold star icon]]
| style="border: 1px solid #2a5;"|<!-- greenish border -->
[[File:StarIconGreen.png|120px|Green star icon]]
|- style="text-align: center;"
|Bronze star || Gold star || Green star
|}
</div>

Note that only the image cells have individual borders, not the text. The lower hex-colors (such as: <code>#616161</code>) are closer to black. Typically, all borders in a table would be one specific color.

;Border styles

The <code>style='border:'</code> and <code>style='border-style:'</code> properties can accept the following arguments:

{| style="border-spacing: 5px;"
! Argument
! Cell border
! Additional notes
|-
|<code>none</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border-style: none;"|<samp>style="border-style: none;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|
|-
|<code>solid</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border-style: solid;"|<samp>style="border-style: solid;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|
|-
|<code>double</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border-style: double;"|<samp>style="border-style: double;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|
|-
|<code>dashed</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border-style: dashed;"|<samp>style="border-style: dashed;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|
|-
|<code>dotted</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border-style: dotted;"|<samp>style="border-style: dotted;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|
|-
|<code>ridge</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border:5px ridge red;"|<samp>style="border:5px ridge red;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|3D ridged border
|-
|<code>groove</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border:5px groove blue;"|<samp>style="border:5px groove blue;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|3D grooved border
|-
|<code>inset</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border: 5px inset yellow;"|<samp>style="border: 5px inset yellow;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|3D inset border
|-
|<code>outset</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border: 5px outset cyan;"|<samp>style="border: 5px outset cyan;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|3D outset border
|-
|<code>inherit</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border-style: inherit;"|<samp>style="border-style: inherit;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|Inherit value from parent
|-
|<code>initial</code>
|style="padding: 1em; border-style: initial;"|<samp>style="border-style: initial;"</samp>
|style="padding: 1em;"|Set to default value
|}

;Borders of a cell using <code>border-top</code>, <code>border-right</code>, <code>border-bottom</code>, <code>border-left</code>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em; width: 50%;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
{| style="width: 400px;"
! style="border-top: solid;" | <code>style="border-top: solid;"</code>
|-
| style="border-top: solid 2px red; border-right: dashed 3px green; border-bottom: double 5px blue; border-left: dotted 6px yellow;" |<pre>border-top:    solid  2px red;
border-right:  dashed 3px green;
border-bottom: double 5px blue;
border-left:   dotted 6px yellow;</pre>
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| style="width: 400px;"
! style="border-top: solid;" | <code>style="border-top: solid;"</code>
|-
| style="border-top: solid 2px red; border-right: dashed 3px green; border-bottom: double 5px blue; border-left: dotted 6px yellow;" |<pre>border-top:    solid  2px red;
border-right:  dashed 3px green;
border-bottom: double 5px blue;
border-left:   dotted 6px yellow;</pre>
|}
</div>

;Top, right, bottom, and left borders of a cell using <code>style='border-style:'</code>

To set the left, right, bottom, or top border of a single cell, one may use <code>style='border-style:'</code> which takes between 1 and 4 arguments, each of which is either <code>none</code>, <code>solid</code>, <code>double</code>, <code>dotted</code>, <code>dashed</code>, <code>groove</code>, <code>ridge</code>, <code>inset</code>, <code>outset</code>, <code>inherit</code>, or <code>initial</code>.

These arguments are ordered according to the [[#Clock order|pattern described here]].
For instance, <code>style="border-style: solid none solid none;"</code> where the four parameters correspond respectively to the
:<code>'border-style: top right bottom left;'</code>
borders of the cell.
For reasons described after this example, there are many ways to change the following {{em|code}} that would '''{{em|not}}''' result in any changes to the table that is actually {{em|displayed}}.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
{| class=wikitable
|-
| Top_Left
<!--     border-style: top   right bottom left;  -->
| style="border-style: solid solid none   none;"  | Top_Center
| Top_Right
|-
| style="border-style: none  none  solid  solid;" | Middle_Left
| style="border-style: none  none  none   none;"  | Middle_Center
| style="border-style: solid solid none   none;"  | Middle_Right
|-
| Bottom_Left
| style="border-style: none  none  solid  solid;" | Bottom_Center
| Bottom_Right
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
| Top_Left
| style="border-style: solid solid none   none;"  | Top_Center
| Top_Right
|-
| style="border-style: none  none  solid  solid;" | Middle_Left
| style="border-style: none  none  none   none;"  | Middle_Center
| style="border-style: solid solid none   none;"  | Middle_Right
|-
| Bottom_Left
| style="border-style: none  none  solid  solid;" | Bottom_Center
| Bottom_Right
|}
</div>

Note, however, that in the following table, none of the central cell's (i.e. <code>Middle_Center</code>'s) borders are removed despite the code <code>style="border-style: none none none none;"</code>:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| class=wikitable
|-
| Top_Left || Top_Center || Top_Right
|-
| Middle_Left
| style="border-style: none none none none;" | Middle_Center
| Middle_Right
|-
| Bottom_Left || Bottom_Center || Bottom_Right
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
| Top_Left || Top_Center || Top_Right
|-
| Middle_Left
| style="border-style: none none none none;" | Middle_Center
| Middle_Right
|-
| Bottom_Left || Bottom_Center || Bottom_Right
|}
</div>

This happens because the code <code>class="wikitable"</code> places a border (top, right, bottom, and left) around {{em|every}} cell in the table so that, for instance, there are actually {{em|two}} borders between the cells "Middle_Center" and "Middle_Right".
So to remove the border between cells "Middle_Center" and "Middle_Right", it is necessary to remove both the right border of "Middle_Center" {{em|and}} the left border of "Middle_Right":

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em; width:50%">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
{| class=wikitable
|-
| Top_Left || Top_Center || Top_Right
|-
| Middle_Left
<!--    'border-style: top   right bottom left;' -->
| style="border-style: none  none  none   none;" | Middle_Center
| style="border-style: none  none  none   none;" | Middle_Right
<!-- In the above line, the three left-most "none" arguments can be replaced with "solid" (or other valid arguments) and there would be no change to the table that is displayed. Only the fourth argument, which is Middle_Right's left border, needs to be "none". For example, the line above could be replaced with:
| style="border-style: solid solid solid none;" | Middle_Right
-->
|-
| Bottom_Left || Bottom_Center || Bottom_Right
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
| Top_Left || Top_Center || Top_Right
|-
| Middle_Left
| style="border-style: none none none none;" | Middle_Center
| style="border-style: none none none none;" | Middle_Right
|-
| Bottom_Left || Bottom_Center || Bottom_Right
|}
</div>

To remove selected external borders of a wikitable, both remove them from the  adjacent cells and begin the whole table with code like <code>{| class="wikitable" style="border: none;"</code>.

Note that replacing <code>{| class="wikitable"</code> with
:<code>{| style="border-collapse: collapse;"</code>
has the effect of removing all cell borders that would otherwise appear by default around every cell in the table.
With this change, you must {{em|insert}} a {{em|single}} cell border between two adjacent cells rather than remove {{em|two}} cell borders.

== Row operations ==
=== Height ===
{{See at|{{section link||Width, height}}}}

=== Border ===
{{See at|{{section link||Setting borders}}}}

=== Row numbers ===

See [[Help:Sorting]] sections on row numbers. And:
*[[Template:Static row numbers]]
*[[Template:Row numbers]]

== Column operations ==
Some operations like most forms of styling can only be applied to a whole column by applying them individually to every cell in the column.

=== Setting column widths ===
To force column widths to specific requirements, rather than accepting the width of the widest text element in a column's cells, follow this example. Note that [[Word wrap|wrap-around of text]] is forced.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| class=wikitable
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 50px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 250px;" | Effect
! scope="col" style="min-width: 225px; max-width: 300px;" | Games found in
|-
| Poké Ball || Regular Poké Ball || All versions
|-
| Great Ball || Better than a Poké Ball || All versions
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 50px;" | Name
! scope="col" style="width: 250px;" | Effect
! scope="col" style="min-width: 225px; max-width: 300px;" | Games found in
|-
|Poké Ball || Regular Poké Ball || All versions
|-
|Great Ball || Better than a Poké Ball || All versions
|}
</div>

To set column widths in a table without headers, specify the width in the first cell for each column.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<pre>
{| class=wikitable
|-
| style="width: 100pt;" | This column is 100 points wide
| style="width: 200pt;" | This column is 200 points wide
| style="width: 300pt;" | This column is 300 points wide
|-
| blah || blih || bluh
|}
</pre></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
| style="width: 100pt;" | This column is 100 points wide
| style="width: 200pt;" | This column is 200 points wide
| style="width: 300pt;" | This column is 300 points wide
|-
| blah || blih || bluh
|}
</div>

You can also use percentages, such as to equalize the widths of a two-column table by setting one of them to <code>style="width: 50%;"</code>.

One application of setting the widths is aligning columns of consecutive tables. The following are separate tables, with columns set to 350px and 225px. {{em|Warning: Setting specific pixel sizes is deprecated, as it interferes with the ability of the browser to adjust content to suit the browser window, device size, user-end font size limits, and other constraints. It is strongly preferred to use relative sizes, in percentage or [[Em (typography)|em]] values.}}

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<pre>
{| class=wikitable
|-
! scope=col style="width: 350px;" | Country
! scope=col style="width: 225px;" | Capital
|-
| Netherlands || Amsterdam
|}

{| class=wikitable
|-
! scope=col style="width: 350px;" | Country
! scope=col style="width: 225px;" | Capital
|-
| France || Paris
|}
</pre></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
! scope=col style="width: 350px;" | Country
! scope=col style="width: 225px;" | Capital
|-
| Netherlands || Amsterdam
|}

{| class=wikitable
|-
! scope=col style="width: 350px;" | Country
! scope=col style="width: 225px;" | Capital
|-
| France || Paris
|}
</div>

=== Nowrap ===
In a table that spans the entire width of a page, cells narrower than the widest cell tend to wrap. To keep an entire column from wrapping, use <code>style="white-space: nowrap;"</code> in a non-header cell on the longest/widest cell to affect the entire column.

Without <code>nowrap</code>, as it appears in a browser:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid>
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope=col | Episode
! scope=col | Date
! scope=col | Summary
|-
|"The Journey Begins"
|January 1, 2010
|[[Lorem ipsum]] dolor sit amet, [...] <!-- This text is a truncation of the actual (long) text displayed in the output below -->
|-
|"When Episodes Attack"
|January 8, 2010
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, [...]
|-
|"So Long"
|January 15, 2010
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, [...]
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope=col | Episode
! scope=col | Date
! scope=col | Summary
|-
|"The Journey Begins"
|January 1, 2010
|[[Lorem ipsum]] dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
|-
|"When Episodes Attack"
|January 8, 2010
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
|-
|"So Long"
|January 15, 2010
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
|}
</div>

With <code>nowrap</code>, on both the Episode and Date columns, as it appears in a browser:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid>
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope=col | Episode
! scope=col | Date
! scope=col | Summary
|-
|"The Journey Begins"
|January 1, 2010
|[[Lorem ipsum]] dolor sit amet, [...] <!-- This text is a truncation of the actual (long) text displayed in the output below -->
|-
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|"When Episodes Attack"
|January 8, 2010
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, [...]
|-
|"So Long"
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|January 15, 2010
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, [...]
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope=col | Episode
! scope=col | Date
! scope=col | Summary
|-
|"The Journey Begins"
|January 1, 2010
|[[Lorem ipsum]] dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
|-
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|"When Episodes Attack"
|January 8, 2010
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
|-
|"So Long"
|style="white-space: nowrap;"|January 15, 2010
|Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
|}
</div>

=== Tooltips ===
You can add tooltips to columns by using the {{T|Tooltip}} template. Simply replace the column-title with <code><nowiki>{{Tooltip|Column title|The tool tip}}</nowiki></code>, which makes it appear like so: {{tooltip|Column title|The tool tip}}.

=== Sortable columns ===
See [[Help:Sorting]] for details of how to make sortable tables. The whole table must have <code>class=sortable</code>. Individual columns can then be excluded from sorting with <code>class=unsortable</code> in the header cell.

=== Column alignment ===
{{tl|Table alignment}} can be used to align the cells in a whole column without adding code to each cell.

== More complex examples ==
=== Mélange ===
''Note: This example is not [[MOS:ACCESS|accessible]], and should be avoided as much as possible. For example, nested tables (tables inside tables) should be separated into distinct tables when possible.''

Here is a more advanced example, showing some more options available for making up tables.

Users can play with these settings in their own table to see what effect they have. Not all of these techniques may be appropriate in all cases; just because colored backgrounds can be added, for example, does not mean it is always a good idea. Try to keep the markup in tables relatively simple—remember, other people are going to be editing the article too! This example should give an idea of what is possible, though.

Wiki markup:
<syntaxhighlight lang="tid" line highlight="18-28">
Text before centered table...
{| style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0; margin: 1em auto;"
|+ '''An example table'''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; background: #efefef;" | First header
! colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; background: #ffdead;" | Second header
|-
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;" | Upper left
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;" | Upper middle
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 3px solid grey; padding: 5px; vertical-align: top;" |
Right side
|-
| style="border: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 3px solid grey; padding: 5px;" | Lower left
| style="border: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 3px solid grey; padding: 5px;" | Lower middle
|-
| colspan="3" style="border: 1px solid black; text-align: center;" |
Text before a nested table...
{|
|+ ''A table in a table''
|-
| style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | [[File:Wiki.png]]
| style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | [[File:Wiki.png]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid red;<!--
  --> border-right: 1px solid red; border-bottom: 2px solid red;<!--
  --> border-left: 1px solid red;" |
Two Wikipedia logos
|}
...text after a nested table
|}
...text after centered table
</syntaxhighlight>

As it appears in a browser:
<div style="background: white; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 2px;">
Text before centered table...
{| style="border: 1px solid black; border-spacing: 0; margin: 1em auto;"
|+ '''An example table'''
|-
! style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; background: #efefef;" | First header
! colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px; background: #ffdead;" | Second header
|-
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;" | Upper left
| style="border: 1px solid black; padding: 5px;" | Upper middle
| rowspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 3px solid grey; padding: 5px; vertical-align: top;" |
Right side
|-
| style="border: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 3px solid grey; padding: 5px;" | Lower left
| style="border: 1px solid black; border-bottom: 3px solid grey; padding: 5px;" | Lower middle
|-
| colspan="3" style="border: 1px solid black; text-align: center;" |
Text before a nested table...
{|
|+ ''A table in a table''
|-
| style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | [[File:Wiki.png]]
| style="text-align: center; width: 150px;" | [[File:Wiki.png]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid red;<!--
  --> border-right: 1px solid red; border-bottom: 2px solid red;<!--
  --> border-left: 1px solid red;" |
Two Wikipedia logos
|}
...text after a nested table
|}
...text after centered table
</div>

=== Floating images in the center ===
A table can be used to wrap an image, so that the table can float towards the center of the page (such as using: <code>style="float: right;"</code>). However, the table margins, border and font-size must be precisely set to match a typical image display. The File-spec parameter <code>|thumb</code> (although auto-thumbnailing to user-preference width) forces a wide left-margin that squeezes the nearby text, so the parameter <code>|center</code> can be added to suppress the left-margin padding. However, <code>|center</code> sometimes shoves the caption to a 2nd line (under a centered box "[]"), so <code>|thumb</code> could be omitted and just hard-code the image size, adding a gray (#BBB) border. Using precise parameters to match other images, a floating-image table can be coded as follows:

<pre>
{| style="float: right; border: 1px solid #BBB; margin: .46em 0 0 .2em;"
|- style="font-size: 86%;"
| style="vertical-align: top;" |[[File:DuraEuropos-TempleOfBel.jpg|180px]]<!--
  --><br> Temple of [[Bel (mythology)|Bel]] (floating)
|}
</pre>

The text inside the floating table is sized by <code>style="font-size: 86%;"</code>. That floating-image table floats a typical image box, but allows adjusting the left-hand margin of the image (see temple-example floating below).
{{infobox
|bodystyle=width: 90px;
|data1=This sample infobox shows how the floating image box aligns toward the center.
}}
{| style="float: right; border: 1px solid #BBB; margin: .46em 0 0 .2em;"
|- style="font-size: 86%;"
| style="vertical-align: top;" |[[File:DuraEuropos-TempleOfBel.jpg|180px]]<br><!--
  -->&nbsp;Temple of [[Bel (mythology)|Bel]]&nbsp;(floating)
|}
{| style="float: right; clear:right; border: 1px dashed black;"
| style="vertical-align: top;" |[[File:DuraEuropos-TempleOfBel.jpg|thumb<!--
  -->|right|The dashed border around this table shows the implicit margins of <!--
  --> Images using "thumb<nowiki>|</nowiki>right".]]
|}
The caption text can be omitted, or remove the parameter "thumb|" so the caption is hidden until "mouse-over display". Unfortunately the parameter <code>|thumb</code> (used for displaying the caption) also controls the auto-thumbnailing to re-size images by user-preferences size. To have auto-thumbnail sizing while also concealing the caption, use <code>|frameless|right</code> instead of <code>|thumb</code>.

An image set with parameter <code>|left</code> has a wide right-side margin (opposite margin of parameter <code>|right</code>), so floating toward the left can be achieved with an image set as <code>|center</code> inside a table with style="float:left; margin:0.46em 0.2em;".

Recall that, outside an image-table, the parameter <code>|right</code> causes an image to align (either) above or below an infobox, but would not float alongside the infobox.

Note the {{em|order of precedence}}: first come infoboxes or images using <code>|right</code>, then come the floating tables, and lastly, any text wraps that can still fit. If the first word of the text is too long, no text will fit to complete the left-hand side, so beware creating a "ragged left margin" when not enough space remains for text to fit alongside floating tables.

If multiple single-image tables are stacked, they float to align across the page, depending on page width. The text squeezes to allow as many floating tables as can fit, as auto-aligned, then wrap whatever text can still fit at the left-hand side.
{| style="float: right; margin-left:0.2em; border: 1px solid #BBB;"
|- style="font-size: 87%;"
| style="vertical-align: top;" |[[File:DuraEuropos-TempleOfBel.jpg<!--
  -->|105px]]<br>...by float: right
|}
{| style="float: right; margin-left:0.2em; border: 1px solid #BBB;"
|- style="font-size: 87%;"
| style="vertical-align: top;" |[[File:DuraEuropos-TempleOfBel.jpg<!--
  -->|105px]]<br> ...images wrap...
|}
{| style="float: right; margin-left:0.2em; border: 1px solid #BBB;"
|- style="font-size: 87%;"
| style="vertical-align: top;" |[[File:DuraEuropos-TempleOfBel.jpg<!--
  -->|105px]]<br>All these...
|}

That auto-aligning feature can be used to create a "floating gallery" of images: a set of 20 floating tables wrap (backward, right-to-left), as if each table were a word of text to wrap across and down the page. To wrap in the typical direction (wrapping left-to-right) define all those floating tables, instead, as left-side tables using the top parameter <code>style="float:left; margin:0.46em 0.2em;"</code>. Multiple floating images empower more flexible typesetting of images around the text.
{{clear}}

=== Combined use of COLSPAN and ROWSPAN ===

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid line highlight="14">
{| class=wikitable
|-
! Column 1 !! Column 2 !! Column 3
|-
| rowspan=2 | A
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;" | B
<!-- column 3 of this row occupied by cell B (which is to the left) -->
|-
<!-- column 1 of this row occupied by cell A (above) -->
| C
| D
|-
| E
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 style="text-align: center;" | F
<!-- column 3 of this row occupied by cell F (to the left) -->
|-
| G
<!-- columns 2 and 3 of this row occupied by cell F (above) -->
|-
| colspan=3 style="text-align: center;" | H
<!-- columns 2 and 3 of this row occupied by cell H (to the left) -->
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
! Column 1 !! Column 2 !! Column 3
|-
| rowspan=2 | A
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;" | B
|-
| C <!-- column 1 occupied by cell A -->
| D
|-
| E
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 style="text-align: center;" | F
|-
| G
<!-- columns 2 and 3 of this row occupied by cell F -->
|-
| colspan=3 style="text-align: center;" | H
|}
</div>

Note that using <code>rowspan=2</code> for cell '''G''' combined with <code>rowspan=3</code> for cell '''F''' to get another row below '''G''' and '''F''' won't work, because all (implicit) cells would be empty.
Likewise complete columns are not displayed if all their cells are empty. Borders between non-empty and empty cells might be also not displayed (depending on the browser), use <code>&amp;nbsp;</code> to fill an empty cell with dummy content.

Below is the same table with the order of the declared rows and cells shown in parentheses. The uses of <code>rowspan</code> and <code>colspan</code> are also shown.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
{| class=wikitable
|-
! Column 1<br>(row 1 cell 1) !! Column 2<br>(row 1 cell 2) !! Column 3<br>(row 1 cell 3)
|-
| rowspan=2 | A<br>(row 2 cell 1)<br><code>rowspan=2</code>
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;" | B<br>(row 2 cell 2)<br><code>colspan=2</code>
|-
| C<br>(row 3 cell 1) <!-- column 1 occupied by cell A -->
| D<br>(row 3 cell 2)
|-
| E<br>(row 4 cell 1)
| rowspan=2 colspan=2 style="text-align: center;" |F<br>(row 4 cell 2)<br><code>rowspan=2 colspan=2</code>
|-
| G<br>(row 5 cell 1) <!-- column 2+3 occupied by cell F -->
|-
| colspan=3 style="text-align: center;" | H<br>(row 6 cell 1)<br><code>colspan=3</code>
|}
</div>

Note that although cell '''C''' is in column 2, '''C''' is the 1st cell declared in row 3, because column 1 is occupied by cell '''A''', which was declared in row 2. Cell '''G''' is the only cell declared in row 5, because cell '''F''' occupies the other columns but was declared in row 4.

== Workarounds ==
=== Decimal point alignment ===
Unfortunately, the only way to align columns of numbers at the decimal point is to use two columns, with the first right-justified and the second left-justified.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| style="border-collapse: collapse;"
| style="text-align: right;" | 432 || .1
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 43 || .21
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 4 || .321
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| style="border-collapse: collapse;"
| style="text-align: right;" | 432 || .1
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 43 || .21
|-
| style="text-align: right;" | 4 || .321
|}
</div>

If the column of numbers appears in a table with cell padding or cell borders, you can still align the decimal points without an unsightly gap in the middle, by forcing the border and padding between those two columns off.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| class=wikitable
!colspan=2| Heading
|-
| style="text-align:right; border-right:none; padding-right:0;" | 432
| style="text-align:left;  border-left: none; padding-left: 0;" | .1
|-
| style="text-align:right; border-right:none; padding-right:0;" | 43
| style="text-align:left;  border-left: none; padding-left: 0;" | .21
|-
| style="text-align:right; border-right:none; padding-right:0;" | 4
| style="text-align:left;  border-left: none; padding-left: 0;" | .321
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
!colspan=2| Heading
|-
| style="text-align:right; border-right:none; padding-right:0;" | 432
| style="text-align:left;  border-left: none; padding-left: 0;" | .1
|-
| style="text-align:right; border-right:none; padding-right:0;" | 43
| style="text-align:left;  border-left: none; padding-left: 0;" | .21
|-
| style="text-align:right; border-right:none; padding-right:0;" | 4
| style="text-align:left;  border-left: none; padding-left: 0;" | .321
|}
</div>

Or alternatively the {{tl|decimal cell}} template can be used:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid>
{| class=wikitable
! colspan=2 |Heading
|-
| {{decimal cell|432.1}}
|-
| {{decimal cell|43.21}}
|-
| {{decimal cell|4.321}}
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
!colspan=2 |Heading
|-
| {{decimal cell|432.1}}
|-
| {{decimal cell|43.21}}
|-
| {{decimal cell|4.321}}
|}
</div>

Using two columns like this does have the disadvantage that searching the web page (either with a browser or a search engine) will usually not be able to find text that straddles the column boundary.

Also, if the table has cell ''spacing'' (and thus <code>border-collapse=separate</code>), meaning that cells have separate borders with a gap in between, that gap will still be visible.

A cruder way to align columns of numbers is to use a [[figure space]] <code>&amp;#8199;</code>, which is intended to be the width of a numeral, though is font-dependent in practice:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=html>
{|
| 432.1
|-
| &#8199;43.21
|-
| &#8199;&#8199;4.321
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{|
| 432.1
|-
| &#8199;43.21
|-
| &#8199;&#8199;4.321
|}
</div>

More companions in this line are: [[whitespace character#Unicode|punctuation space]] ({{Code|&#x2008;|html}}) to substitute a period or a comma, {{Code|&minus;|html}} instead of the easily available on the typewriter&#x27;s keyboard [[dash|hyphen-dash]] &ndash; this is the same width as the plus sign, also [[figure dash]] possibly the most useful for telephone numbers which you obviously will not find on Wikipedia.

When using [[OpenType]] fonts one may also alternate between {{Code|font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums|css}} and {{Code|font-variant-numeric:proportional-nums|css}} &ndash; this is especially visible in the kerning of [[Arabic digit]] &lang;1&rang;. In the standard browser sans-serif fonts &lang;1&rang; occupies the same width as other digits, ie. works as if {{Code|font-variant-numerals:tabular-nums|css}} was turned on.

Some may find {{Tl|0}} useful for the alignment.

As a last resort, when using pre-formatted text, you can dispense with the table feature entirely and simply start the lines with a space, and put spaces to position the numbers—however, there should be a good reason to use pre-formatted text in an article:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source (just spaces!):'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
 432.1
  43.21
   4.321
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
 432.1
  43.21
   4.321
</div>

=== Non-rectangular tables ===
{{tlx|diagonal split header|''HEADER-FOR-ROW-HEADERS''|''HEADER-FOR-COLUMN-HEADERS''}} can be used to diagonally split a header cell, as in the top-left cell in the rendered result below:<ref group=note>A simplified version of [[Template:Table_of_phase_transitions]]</ref>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid highlight="2">
{| class=wikitable
! {{diagonal split header|From|To}}
! Solid !! Liquid !! Gas
|-
! Solid
| Solid-solid transformation || Melting || Sublimation
|-
! Liquid
| Freezing || {{sdash}} || Boiling/evaporation
|-
! Gas
| Deposition || Condensation || {{sdash}}
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
! {{diagonal split header|From|To}}
! Solid !! Liquid !! Gas
|-
! Solid
| Solid-solid transformation || Melting || Sublimation
|-
! Liquid
| Freezing || {{sdash}} || Boiling/evaporation
|-
! Gas
| Deposition || Condensation || {{sdash}}
|}
</div>

Cell borders can be hidden by adding {{xt|<code>border: none; background: none;</code>}} to style attributes of either table or cell (may not work in older browsers). Another use is to implement multi-column aligned tables.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=moin highlight="2" style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
{| class=wikitable style="border: none; background: none;"
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 style="border: none; background: none;" | [[File:Pfeil_SO.svg|none|link=|20px]]
! colspan=3| To
|-
! Solid !! Liquid !! Gas
|-
! rowspan=3| From
! Solid
| Solid-solid transformation || Melting || Sublimation
|-
! Liquid
| Freezing || {{sdash}} || Boiling/evaporation
|-
! Gas
| Deposition || Condensation || {{sdash}}
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable style="border: none; background: none;"
! colspan=2 rowspan=2 style="border: none; background: none;" | [[File:Pfeil_SO.svg|none|link=|20px]]
! colspan=3| To
|-
! Solid !! Liquid !! Gas
|-
! rowspan=3| From
! Solid
| Solid-solid transformation || Melting || Sublimation
|-
! Liquid
| Freezing || {{sdash}} || Boiling/evaporation
|-
! Gas
| Deposition || Condensation || {{sdash}}
|}
</div>

{{em|Note that the removal of the link on an image is [[WP:EIS#Link|dependent on it being purely decorative (as it will be ignored by assistive devices)]].}}

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
{| class=wikitable style="border: none; background: none;"
! scope=col | Year
! scope=col | Size
| rowspan=5 style="border: none; background: none;"|
! scope=col | Year
! scope=col | Size
| rowspan=5 style="border: none; background: none;"|
! scope=col | Year
! scope=col | Size
|-
| 1990 || 1000<br>(est) || 2000 || 1357 || 2010 || 1776
|-
| 1991 || 1010 || 2001 || 1471 || 2011 || 1888
|-
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|⋮
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|⋮
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|⋮
|-
| 1999 || 1234 || 2009 || 1616 || 2019 || 1997<br>(est)
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable style="border: none; background: none;"
! scope=col | Year
! scope=col | Size
| rowspan=5 style="border: none; background: none;"|
! scope=col | Year
! scope=col | Size
| rowspan=5 style="border: none; background: none;"|
! scope=col | Year
! scope=col | Size
|-
| 1990 || 1000<br>(est) || 2000 || 1357 || 2010 || 1776
|-
| 1991 || 1010 || 2001 || 1471 || 2011 || 1888
|-
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|⋮
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|⋮
| colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|⋮
|-
| 1999 || 1234 || 2009 || 1616 || 2019 || 1997<br>(est)
|}
</div>

=== Centering ===
{{See at|{{section link||Centering tables}}}}

== Classes ==
{{See Also|Help:User style|Help:CSS}}
There are several other [[Cascading Style Sheets|CSS]] classes, besides the basic <code>class=wikitable</code>, documented [[#wikitable class|above]].

In the first line of table code, after the <code>{|</code>, instead of specifying a style directly, you can also specify a CSS class, which may be used to apply styles. The style for this class can be specified in various ways:
* in the software itself, per skin (for example the class [[#Sorting|sortable]])
* collectively for all users of one wiki in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] (for example, on this and some other projects there is or was the class wikitable, later moved to [http://svn.wikimedia.org/viewvc/mediawiki/trunk/phase3/skins/common/shared.css?view=markup shared.css])
* separately per skin in [[MediaWiki:Monobook.css]] etc.
* individually on one wiki in a user subpage
* individually, but jointly for tables of the class concerned on all web pages, on the local computer of the user.

Instead of remembering table parameters, you just include an appropriate class after the <code>{|</code>. This helps keep table formatting consistent, and can allow a single change to the class to fix a problem or enhance the look of all the tables that are using it at once. For instance, this:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| style="border-spacing: 2px;"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope=col | &times;
! scope=col | 1
! scope=col | 2
! scope=col | 3
|-
! scope=row | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope=row | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope=row | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope=row | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope=row | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| style="border-spacing: 2px;"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope=col | ×
! scope=col | 1
! scope=col | 2
! scope=col | 3
|-
! scope=row | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope=row | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope=row | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope=row | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope=row | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
</div>

becomes this:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| class=wikitable
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope=col | &times;
! scope=col | 1
! scope=col | 2
! scope=col | 3
|-
! scope=row | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope=row | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope=row | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope=row | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope=row | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope=col | &times;
! scope=col | 1
! scope=col | 2
! scope=col | 3
|-
! scope=row | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope=row | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope=row | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope=row | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope=row | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
</div>

simply by replacing inline CSS for the table by <code>class=wikitable</code>. This is because the <code>wikitable</code> class in [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] contains a number of <code>table.wikitable</code> CSS style rules. These are all applied at once when you mark a table with the class. You can then add additional style rules if desired. These override the class's rules, allowing you to use the class style as a base and build up on it:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| class=wikitable style="font-style: italic; font-size: 120%; border: 3px dashed red;"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope=col | &times;
! scope=col | 1
! scope=col | 2
! scope=col | 3
|-
! scope=row | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope=row | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope=row | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope=row | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope=row | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable style="font-style: italic; font-size: 120%; border: 3px dashed red;"
|+ Multiplication table
|-
! scope=col | &times;
! scope=col | 1
! scope=col | 2
! scope=col | 3
|-
! scope=row | 1
| 1 || 2 || 3
|-
! scope=row | 2
| 2 || 4 || 6
|-
! scope=row | 3
| 3 || 6 || 9
|-
! scope=row | 4
| 4 || 8 || 12
|-
! scope=row | 5
| 5 || 10 || 15
|}
</div>

Notice that the table retains the gray background of the <code>wikitable</code> class, and the headers are still bold and centered. But now the text formatting has been overridden by the local <code>style=</code> statement; all of the text in the table has been made italic and 120% normal size, and the wikitable border has been replaced by the red dashed border.

=== Collapsible tables ===
{{Main|Help:Collapsing}}
{{See also|:mw:Manual:Collapsible elements#jQuery.makeCollapsible|l1=more examples}}
Classes can also be used to collapse tables, so they are hidden by default. Use the class {{nowrap|<code>mw-collapsible</code>}} to enable collapsing behaviour. Collapsible tables can be sortable, too, by also including the <code>sortable</code> class {{See below|{{section link||Sortable tables}}}}. By default, a collapsible table begins expanded. To change this, add the additional class {{nowrap|<code>mw-collapsed</code>}}. Alternatively, you can add <code>autocollapse</code>, instead of {{nowrap|<code>mw-collapsed</code>}}, which will automatically collapse the table if two or more collapsible elements are present on the page.

'''Note''': Previous versions of this article recommended the <code>collapsible</code> class, but {{nowrap|<code>mw-collapsible</code>}} is now preferred. It is a feature of the MediaWiki software, not a local customization, and can be used to make any element collapsible, not just tables. {{nowrap|<code>mw-collapsible</code>}} also does not require a header row in the table, as <code>collapsible</code> did. Tables will show the {{nowrap|"[hide]" / "[show]"}} controls in the first row of the table (whether or not it is a header row), unless a table caption is present.{{See below|{{section link||Tables with captions}}}}

==== Example with a header row ====

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid highlight="1">
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! Header
|-
| Content that starts hidden
|-
| More hidden content
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! Header
|-
| Content that starts hidden
|-
| More hidden content
|}
</div>

==== Examples without a header row ====

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid highlight="1">
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|-
| First row is always visible
|-
| Content that starts visible
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|-
| First row is always visible
|-
| Content that starts visible
|}
</div>


<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid highlight="1">
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
| First row is always visible
|-
| Other rows start hidden
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
| First row is always visible
|-
| Other rows start hidden
|}
</div>

==== Tables with captions ====
Tables with captions will collapse to the table caption. The header will not be visible when collapsed. Use {{tl|nowrap}} to keep the caption from being fit into a tiny vertical column when the table is collapsed.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid highlight="1-2">
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+{{nowrap|Somewhat long table caption}}
|-
! Header
|-
| Content starts visible
|-
| More visible content
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result.<br>Click "hide" to see'''
----
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+{{nowrap|Somewhat long table caption}}
|-
! Header
|-
| Content starts visible
|-
| More visible content
|}
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result<br>(without <nowiki>{{nowrap}}</nowiki>.<br>Click "hide" to see'''
----
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|+Somewhat long table caption
|-
! Header
|-
| Content starts visible
|-
| More visible content
|}
</div>
{{clear}}

Starting off collapsed:
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid highlight="1-2">
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|+{{nowrap|Somewhat long table caption}}
|-
! Header
|-
| Content starts hidden
|-
| More hidden content
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result.<br>Click "hide" to see'''
----
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|+{{nowrap|Somewhat long table caption}}
|-
! Header
|-
| Content starts hidden
|-
| More hidden content
|}
</div>
<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result<br>(without <nowiki>{{nowrap}}</nowiki>.<br>Click "hide" to see'''
----
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|+Somewhat long table caption
|-
! Header
|-
| Content starts hidden
|-
| More hidden content
|}
</div>

=== Sortable tables ===
{{anchor|Sortable|Sorting|reason=pld section names}}
{{see also|Help:Sorting|meta:Help:Sorting}}

Tables can be made sortable by adding <code>class=sortable</code> to the top line of the table wikitext. For details see '''[[Help:Sorting]]'''.

==== Numerical and year sorting problems ====
{{Main|Help:Sorting}}

==== Sorting and collapsing ====
It is possible to collapse a sortable table. To do so, you need to use this code:
:<code>'''class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"'''</code>

For example:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="tid" highlight="1">
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+ {{nowrap|Sortable and collapsible table }}
|-
! scope=col | Alphabetic
! scope=col | Numeric
! scope=col | Date
! scope=col class=unsortable | Unsortable
|-
| d || 20 || 2008-11-24 || This
|-
| b || 8 || 2004-03-01 || column
|-
| a || 6 || 1979-07-23 || cannot
|-
| c || 4.2 || 1492-12-08 || be
|-
| e || 0 || 1601-08-13 || sorted.
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
|+ {{nowrap|Sortable and collapsible table }}
|-
! scope=col | Alphabetic
! scope=col | Numeric
! scope=col | Date
! scope=col class=unsortable | Unsortable
|-
| d || 20 || 2008-11-24 || This
|-
| b || 8 || 2004-03-01 || column
|-
| a || 6 || 1979-07-23 || cannot
|-
| c || 4.2 || 1492-12-08 || be
|-
| e || 0 || 1601-08-13 || sorted.
|}
</div>

If you want the table to default to collapsed state, use the code
:<code><nowiki>{|</nowiki> class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible '''mw-collapsed'''"</code>
in place of
:<code><nowiki>{|</nowiki> class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"</code>

=== mw-datatable – row highlighting via cursor hover. White background ===
{{Tracked|T287997}}
{{tracked|T284802}}
:'''''Note:''' <code>class=mw-datatable</code> is not working in some skins. See {{Phabricator|T287997}} and [[Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 191#class=mw-datatable no longer working in Firefox|this discussion]].''
:'''''Note:''' <code>class=mw-datatable</code> overrides background color for a row, but not the background color for individual cells.''

<code>class=mw-datatable</code> allows for row highlighting. This makes it easier to follow the data and info across a row, especially in wider tables.

See [[Template:Row hover highlight|Template:Mw-datatable]]. Add <code><nowiki>{{mw-datatable}}</nowiki></code> in the wikitext before the table wikitext.

Add <code>class=mw-datatable</code> to the top of the table wikitext.

To see where and how it is used:
*[[Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:Mw-datatable]]

'''''mw-datatable''''' use is found with '''[https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=%22mw-datatable%22&namespaces=&title= this global search]''' within wikitext across all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. See bottom of search results for English language wiki use. See next section for one possible replacement.

=== tpl-blanktable – row highlighting via cursor hover. White background ===

This replaces <code>class=mw-datatable</code> (see previous section) for now. It does not override existing background colors set for cells or rows.

See [[Template:Import-blanktable]]. Add <code><nowiki>{{Import-blanktable}}</nowiki></code> in the wikitext anywhere before the table wikitext.

Add <code>class=tpl-blanktable</code> to the top of the table wikitext.

To see where and how it is used:
*[[Special:WhatLinksHere/Template:Import-blanktable]]

Scroll your cursor over the '''''tpl-blanktable''''' tables below to see the light blue hover banding.

'''''<code>class=tpl-blanktable</code>''''' produces a '''white background''' for '''data cells'''; while '''''<code>class=wikitable</code>''''' produces a '''gray background''' for data cells:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="tid" highlight="1-2">
{{Import-blanktable}}
{| class=tpl-blanktable
|-
! 1 !! 2 !! 3
|-
| 1-1 || 2-1 || 3-1
|-
| 1-2 || 2-2 || 3-2
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=tpl-blanktable
|-
! 1
! 2
! 3
|-
| 1-1 || 2-1 || 3-1
|-
| 1-2 || 2-2 || 3-2
|}
</div>
{{clear}}


<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="tid" highlight="1">
{| class=wikitable
|-
! 1 !! 2 !! 3
|-
| 1-1 || 2-1 || 3-1
|-
| 1-2 || 2-2 || 3-2
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
! 1 !! 2 !! 3
|-
| 1-1 || 2-1 || 3-1
|-
| 1-2 || 2-2 || 3-2
|}
</div>

'''''<code>class=tpl-blanktable</code>''''' can be used in combination with class '''''<code>class=wikitable</code>'''''

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang="tid" highlight="1-2">
{{Import-blanktable}}
{| class="wikitable tpl-blanktable"
|-
! 1 !! 2 !! 3
|-
| 1-1 || 2-1 || 3-1
|-
| 1-2 || 2-2 || 3-2
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{{Import-blanktable}}
{| class="wikitable tpl-blanktable"
|-
! 1
! 2
! 3
|-
| 1-1 || 2-1 || 3-1
|-
| 1-2 || 2-2 || 3-2
|}
</div>

== Cells spanning multiple rows or columns ==
It is possible to create cells that stretch over two or more columns. For this, one uses <code>|colspan={{var|n}} | {{var|content}}</code>.
Similarly, one can create cells that stretch over two or more rows. This requires <code>|rowspan={{var|m}} | {{var|content}}</code>. In the table code, one must {{em|leave out the cells that are covered by such a span}}. The resulting column- and row-counting must fit.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid line highlight="8,19">
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
!col1
!col2
!col3
!col4
|-
!row1
| colspan=2 | A
<!-- column counting: cell 'B' can not exist -->
|C
|-
!row2
|AA
|BB
|CC
|-
!row3
|AAA
| rowspan=2 | BBB
|CCC
|-
!row4
|AAAA
<!-- row counting: cell 'BBBB' can not exist -->
|CCCC
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
!col1
!col2
!col3
!col4
|-
!row1
| colspan=2 | A
<!-- column counting: cell 'B' can not exist -->
|C
|-
!row2
|AA
|BB
|CC
|-
!row3
|AAA
| rowspan=2 | BBB
|CCC
|-
!row4
|AAAA
<!-- row counting: cell 'BBBB' can not exist -->
|CCCC
|}
</div>

In the code, the cell <code>| colspan="2" | A</code> spans two columns. Note that, in the next column, {{em|a cell expected to contain "B" does not exist}}.

Similar: in the code, cell <code>| rowspan="2" | BBB</code> spans two rows. {{em|A cell expected to contain "BBBB" does not exist}}.

== Section link or map link to a row anchor ==
To enable a [[Help:Link#Section linking (anchors)|section link]]<nowiki />'s [[HTML element#Anchors|anchor]] (or a [[Wikipedia:Blank maps|map link]]'s anchor), referencing a specific row within a table, an <code>'''id="{{var|section link anchor name}}"'''</code> parameter needs to be added to the row start <code>'''|-'''</code> or '''<code><nowiki><tr></nowiki></code>''':
 <code><nowiki>|-</nowiki> id="{{var|section link anchor name}}"</code>

 <code><nowiki><tr</nowiki> id="{{var|section link anchor name}}"></code>
Note that each {{var|section link anchor name}} must be different from every other in the page (this includes heading names), to create valid XHTML and allow proper linking.

;Example of a map link to a row
When a country label, containing a link, is clicked on the map, the link coded, for example, as <code>'''<nowiki>[[#Table row 11|Slovenia]]</nowiki>'''</code> that references the anchor (within the table), coded as <code>'''|-&nbsp;id="Table row 11"'''</code>, makes the page scroll so selected row of the table is at the top of the browser view. Here, we use the template family {{tlx|Image label begin}}, {{tlx|Image label small}}, and {{tlx|Image label end}} to lay out such a table for us:

<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align:top; max-width:400px;">
'''Click on a country name on the map to go to that name in the table'''
<onlyinclude>{{Image label begin|image=Map of European countries by percent of local Avaaz members.png|width=400|alt=Labelled map of European countries color coded by percent of Avaaz members}}
{{Image label small|x=0.2389|y=0.781|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 1|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Andorra<br><span style="font-size: larger;">↓</span></span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5775|y=0.863|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 37|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Albania</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.4930|y=0.685|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 8|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Austria</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.6975|y=0.515|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 40|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Belarus</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.2810|y=0.595|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 4|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Belgium</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5792|y=0.779|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 34|<span style="color: #0654AD;">B&H</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.7195|y=0.782|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 22|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Bulgaria</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5700|y=0.734|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 26|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Croatia</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5075|y=0.615|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 32|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Czech<br>Rep.</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.3775|y=0.487|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 21|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Denmark</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5875|y=0.364|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 25|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Estonia</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5875|y=0.285|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 28|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Finland</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.2695|y=0.701|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 3|<span style="color: #0654AD;">France</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.3995|y=0.582|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 13|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Germany</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.7175|y=0.892|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 23|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Greece</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5775|y=0.683|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 29|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Hungary</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.1005|y=0.163|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 5|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Iceland</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.0995|y=0.492|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 15|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Ireland</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.4655|y=0.795|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 14|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Italy</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.6155|y=0.411|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 24|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Latvia</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5715|y=0.457|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 27|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Lithuania</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.2075|y=0.628|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 2|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Luxembourg<span style="font-size: larger;">→</span></span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.6775|y=0.845|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 33|<span style="color: #0654AD;">''Mac.''</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5595|y=1.000|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 7|<span style="color: #0654AD;"><span style="font-size: larger;">←</span>Malta</span></span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.7535|y=0.661|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 38|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Moldova</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5775|y=0.83|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 36|<span style="color: #0654AD;">''Mont.''</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.2925|y=0.55|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 18|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Netherlands</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.3975|y=0.32|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 20|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Norway</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5475|y=0.567|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 30|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Poland</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.0175|y=0.89|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 17|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Portugal</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.6825|y=0.716|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 19|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Romania</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.7975|y=0.32|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 39|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Russia</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.6405|y=0.765|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 35|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Serbia</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.5775|y=0.640|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 31|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Slovakia</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.4655|y=0.719|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 11|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Slovenia</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.1245|y=0.85|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 10|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Spain</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.4925|y=0.382|scale=390|text=[[#Table row 12|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Sweden</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.3675|y=0.699|scale=400|text=&nbsp;[[#Table row 6|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Switz-<br>erland</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.7575|y=0.6|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 41|<span style="color: #0654AD;">Ukraine</span>]]}}
{{Image label small|x=0.2025|y=0.499|scale=400|text=[[#Table row 16|<span style="color: #0654AD; text-align: center;">United<br>Kingdom</span>]]}}
{{Image label end}}</onlyinclude>
</div>

<div style="display:inline-table; vertical-align: top; style="margin-top:0em;">
<div style="height:29em; overflow:auto; border:1px solid; padding-right:1.5em;">
{{Static row numbers}}
{{Import-blanktable}}
{| class="wikitable sortable static-row-numbers tpl-blanktable" style="margin-top:0em; text-align:right;"
|+ [[Avaaz]] members by percent of population.<br>The list can be scrolled manually or interactively.
|-
!Country!!Population!!Avaaz!!{{abbr|%|Percent}}
|-
! !! !! !! <br>
|- id="Table row 1"
| style=text-align:left |Andorra||85,000||3,316|| style="background-color:white"|&nbsp;&nbsp;3.90
|- id="Table row 2"
| style=text-align:left |Luxembourg||498,000||14,228|| style="background-color:#F0F0F0"|&nbsp;&nbsp;2.86
|- id="Table row 3"
| style=text-align:left |France||64,768,000||1,827,517|| style="background-color:#F0F0F0"|&nbsp;&nbsp;2.82
|- id="Table row 4"
| style=text-align:left |Belgium||10,423,000||292,530|| style="background-color:#F0F0F0"|&nbsp;&nbsp;2.81
|- id="Table row 5"
| style=text-align:left |Iceland||309,000||7,667|| style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|2.48
|- id="Table row 6"
| style=text-align:left |Switzerland||7,623,000||182,814|| style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|2.40
|- id="Table row 7"
| style=text-align:left |Malta||407,000||9,129|| style="background-color:#D5D5D5"|2.24
|- id="Table row 8"
| style=text-align:left |Austria||8,214,000||167,132|| style="background-color:#D5D5D5"|2.03
|- id="Table row 9"
| style=text-align:left |Liechtenstein||36,000||718|| style="background-color:#B4B4B4"|1.99
|- id="Table row 10"
| style=text-align:left |Spain||46,506,000||810,680|| style="background-color:#B4B4B4"|1.74
|- id="Table row 11"
| style=text-align:left |Slovenia||2,003,000||27,780|| style="background-color:#B4B4B4"|1.39
|- id="Table row 12"
| style=text-align:left |Sweden||9,074,000||125,248|| style="background-color:#B4B4B4"|1.38
|- id="Table row 13"
| style=text-align:left |Germany||81,644,000||1,082,972|| style="background-color:#8B8B8B"|1.33
|- id="Table row 14"
| style=text-align:left |Italy||60,749,000||796,634|| style="background-color:#8B8B8B"|1.31
|- id="Table row 15"
| style=text-align:left |Ireland||4,623,000||58,504|| style="background-color:#8B8B8B"|1.27
|- id="Table row 16"
| style=text-align:left |United&nbsp;Kingdom||62,348,000||781,025|| style="background-color:#8B8B8B"|1.25
|- id="Table row 17"
| style=text-align:left |Portugal||10,736,000||132,219|| style="background-color:#8B8B8B"|1.23
|- id="Table row 18"
| style=text-align:left |Netherlands||16,574,000||191,608|| style="background-color:#8B8B8B"|1.16
|- id="Table row 19"
| style=text-align:left |Romania||21,959,000||211,867|| style="background-color:#8B8B8B"|0.96
|- id="Table row 20"
| style=text-align:left |Norway||4,676,000||36,483|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.78</span>
|- id="Table row 21"
| style=text-align:left |Denmark||5,516,000||41,377|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.75</span>
|- id="Table row 22"
| style=text-align:left |Bulgaria||7,149,000||52,296|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.73</span>
|- id="Table row 23"
| style=text-align:left |Greece||10,750,000||78,874|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.73</span>
|- id="Table row 24"
| style=text-align:left |Latvia||2,218,000||14,967|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.67</span>
|- id="Table row 25"
| style=text-align:left |Estonia||1,291,000||8,535|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.66</span>
|- id="Table row 26"
| style=text-align:left |Croatia||4,487,000||28,950|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.65</span>
|- id="Table row 27"
| style=text-align:left |Lithuania||3,545,000||21,721|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.61</span>
|- id="Table row 28"
| style=text-align:left |Finland||5,255,000||28,836|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.55</span>
|- id="Table row 29"
| style=text-align:left |Hungary||9,992,000||51,684|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.52</span>
|- id="Table row 30"
| style=text-align:left |Poland||38,464,000||162,643|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.42</span>
|- id="Table row 31"
| style=text-align:left |Slovakia||5,470,000||22,588|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.41</span>
|- id="Table row 32"
| style=text-align:left |Czech&nbsp;Republic||10,202,000||39,358|| style="background-color:#676767"|<span style="color:white">0.39</span>
|- id="Table row 33"
| style=text-align:left |Macedonia||2,072,000||3847|| style="background-color:#414141"|<span style="color:white">0.19</span>
|- id="Table row 34"
| style=text-align:left |Bosnia&nbsp;and&nbsp;Herz.||4,622,000||8,436|| style="background-color:#414141"|<span style="color:white">0.18</span>
|- id="Table row 35"
| style=text-align:left |Serbia||7,345,000||12,369|| style="background-color:#414141"|<span style="color:white">0.17</span>
|- id="Table row 36"
| style=text-align:left |Montenegro||667,000||1,101|| style="background-color:#414141"|<span style="color:white">0.17</span>
|- id="Table row 37"
| style=text-align:left |Albania||2,987,000||3,300|| style="background-color:#414141"|<span style="color:white">0.11</span>
|- id="Table row 38"
| style=text-align:left |Moldova||3,732,000||2,134|| style="background-color:#1E1E1E"|<span style="color:white">0.06</span>
|- id="Table row 39"
| style=text-align:left |Russia||139,390,000||62,932|| style="background-color:#1E1E1E"|<span style="color:white">0.05</span>
|- id="Table row 40"
| style=text-align:left |Belarus||9,613,000||2,643|| style="background-color:#1E1E1E"|<span style="color:white">0.03</span>
|- id="Table row 41"
| style=text-align:left |Ukraine||45,416,000||13,002|| style="background-color:#1E1E1E"|<span style="color:white">0.03</span>
|}
</div></div>

== Row template ==
{{For|adding a dynamic row number as a table column|Template:Row numbers}}
Regardless of whether wikitable format or HTML is used, the wikitext of the rows within a table, and sometimes even within a collection of tables, may have much in common, e.g.:
* the basic code for a table row
* code for color, alignment, and sorting mode
* fixed texts such as units
* special formats for sorting
In such a case, it can be useful to create a template that produces the syntax for a table row, with the data as parameters. This can have many advantages:
* easily changing the order of columns, or removing a column
* easily adding a new column if many elements of the new column are left blank (if the column is inserted and the existing fields are unnamed, use a named parameter for the new field to avoid adding blank parameter values to many template calls)
* computing fields from other fields, e.g. population density from population and area
* duplicating content and providing span tags with <code>display: none;</code> for the purpose of having one format for [[Help:Sorting|sorting]] and another for display
* easy specification of a format for a whole column, such as color and alignment

Example:

Using {{pim|Help|Table/example row template}}

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=tid style="display: inline-block;">
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope=col | a
! scope=col | b
! scope=col | a/b
{{Help:Table/example row template|  50|200}}
{{Help:Table/example row template|   8| 11}}
{{Help:Table/example row template|1000| 81}}
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! scope=col | a
! scope=col | b
! scope=col | a/b
{{Help:Table/example row template|  50|200}}
{{Help:Table/example row template|   8| 11}}
{{Help:Table/example row template|1000| 81}}
|}
</div>

== Conditional table row ==
{{main|Wikipedia:Conditional tables}}

For a conditional row in a table, we can have:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=html style="display: inline-block;">
{| class=wikitable
 {{ #if:1|{{!}}-
  ! scope=row {{!}} row one, column one
  {{!}}row one, column two}}
 {{ #if: |{{!}}-
  ! scope=row {{!}} row two, column one
  {{!}}row two, column two}}
 |-
  ! scope=row {{!}} row three, column one
  | row three, column two
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
  <!-- Row one is shown because the '1' evaluates to TRUE -->
  {{ #if:1|{{!}}-
             ! scope=row {{!}} row one, column one
           <!-- {{!}}'s get evaluated to the pipe character '|', i.e. template:! just contains '|' -->
           {{!}}row one, column two}}
  <!-- Row two NOT shown because the space between the ':' and the '|' evaluates to FALSE  -->
  {{ #if: |{{!}}-
             ! scope=row {{!}} row two, column one
           {{!}}row two, column two}}
  <!-- Row three is shown -->
  |-
             ! scope=row {{!}} row three, column one
             | row three, column two
|}
</div>

With comments to explain how it works, where note how the second row is missing:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=html style="display: inline-block;">
{| class=wikitable
 <!--
  Row one is shown because the '1' evaluates
  to TRUE.
 -->
 {{ #if:1|{{!}}-
  ! scope=row {{!}} row one, column one
  <!--
   Any {{!}}'s are evaluated to the pipe
   character '|' since the template '!' just
   contains '|'.
  -->
  {{!}}row one, column two}}
 <!--
  Row two is NOT shown because the space
  between the ':' and the '|' evaluates to FALSE.
 -->
 {{ #if: |{{!}}-
  ! scope=row {{!}} row two, column one
  {{!}}row two, column two}}
 <!--
  Row three is shown.
 -->
 |-
  ! scope=row {{!}} row three, column one
  | row three, column two
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
  <!-- Row one is shown because the '1' evaluates to TRUE -->
  {{ #if:1|{{!}}-
             ! scope=row {{!}} row one, column one
           <!-- {{!}}'s get evaluated to the pipe character '|', i.e. template:! just contains '|' -->
           {{!}}row one, column two}}
  <!-- Row two NOT shown because the space between the ':' and the '|' evaluates to FALSE  -->
  {{ #if: |{{!}}-
             ! scope=row {{!}} row two, column one
           {{!}}row two, column two}}
  <!-- Row three is shown -->
  |-
             ! scope=row {{!}} row three, column one
             | row three, column two
|}
</div>

== Other table syntax ==
The types of table syntax that MediaWiki supports are:
# Wikicode <code>&thinsp;|&thinsp;</code> syntax
# HTML (and XHTML)
# Mixed XHTML and wikicode ('''Do not use''')

All three are supported by MediaWiki and create (currently) valid HTML output, but the pipe syntax is the simplest. Mixed HTML and wikicode <code>&thinsp;|&thinsp;</code> syntax (i.e., unclosed <code>&thinsp;|&thinsp;</code> and <code><nowiki>|-</nowiki></code> tags) don't necessarily remain browser-supported in the future, especially on mobile devices.<!--Is this saying what it is supposed to say? This sentence and the corresponding bullet point above were unclear. What is meant by "unclosed |" here? Does this mean starting and ending the table with "<table>...</table>" instead of "{|...|}"? How could this possibly be affected by "browser support"? MediaWiki converts it not matter what into HTML output on the fly. The only real reason not to mix the markup is probably simply because it's sloppy and confusing. -->

See also [[HTML element#Tables]]. Note, however, that the <code>thead</code>, <code>tbody</code>, <code>tfoot</code>, <code>colgroup</code>, and <code>col</code> elements are currently not [[Help:HTML in wikitext#Elements|supported in MediaWiki]], {{as of|lc=y|2015|07}}.

=== Comparison of table syntax ===
{| class="wikitable"
| style="background-color: #eaecf0;" |
! scope="col" | XHTML
! scope="col" | Wiki-pipe
|-
! scope="row" | Table
| {{tag|table}}
| <code><nowiki>{|</nowiki><br>...<br><nowiki>|}</nowiki></code>
|-
! scope="row" | Caption
| {{tag|caption|content={{var|caption}}}}
| <code><nowiki>|+</nowiki> {{var|caption}}</code>
|-
! scope="row" | Header cell
| {{tag|th|params=scope="col"|content={{var|column header}}}}<br>
{{tag|th|params=scope="row"|content={{var|row header}}}}
| <code><nowiki>! scope="col" | </nowiki>{{var|column header}}</code><br>
<code><nowiki>! scope="row" | </nowiki>{{var|row header}}</code>
|-
! scope="row" | Row
| {{tag|tr}}
| <code><nowiki>|-</nowiki></code>
|-
! scope="row" | Data cell
| {{tag|td|content={{var|cell1}}}}{{tag|td|content={{var|cell2}}}}<br>{{tag|td|content={{var|cell3}}}}
| <code><nowiki>| </nowiki>{{var|cell1}} <nowiki>||</nowiki> {{var|cell2}} <nowiki>||</nowiki> {{var|cell3}}</code><br>
or<br>
<code><nowiki>|</nowiki> {{var|cell1}}</code><br>
<code><nowiki>|</nowiki> {{var|cell2}}</code><br>
<code><nowiki>|</nowiki> {{var|cell3}}</code>
|-
! scope="row" | Cell attribute
| {{tag|td|attribs=style="font-size: 87%;"|content={{var|cell1}}}}
| <code><nowiki>| </nowiki>style="font-size: 87%;" <nowiki>|</nowiki> {{var|cell1}}</code>
|-
! scope="row" | Sample table
| <syntaxhighlight lang="html"><table>
  <tr>
    <td>1</td>
    <td>2</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>3</td>
    <td>4</td>
  </tr>
</table></syntaxhighlight>
| <pre>{|
| 1 || 2
|-
| 3 || 4
|}</pre>
<div>
{| class="wikitable" style="margin: auto;"
|-
| 1||2
|-
| 3||4
|}
</div>
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
! scope="row" | Pros
|
* Can preview or debug with any XHTML editor
* Can be indented for easier reading
* Well-known
* Insensitive to newlines
* No characters like "|", which can collide with template and parser function syntax
|
* Easy to write
* Easy to read
* Takes little space
* Can be learned quickly
|- style="vertical-align: top;"
! scope="row" | Cons
|
* Tedious
* Takes a lot of space
* Difficult to read quickly
* Debugging more difficult because of tag pairing requirements
* Indented code might not match nesting.
* Confusing newline behaviour as they only occasionally break cells.
|
* Unfamiliar syntax for experienced HTML editors
* Rigid structure
* Cannot be indented for clarity
* HTML tag text may be easier to read than pipes, plus signs, dashes, etc.
* Requires using {{tlx|!}} to pass a <code>&thinsp;|&thinsp;</code> character in a parameter.
* Sensitive to newlines; see [[Help:Newlines and spaces]].
|}

== Pipe syntax in terms of the HTML produced ==
The pipe syntax, developed by [[m:User:Magnus Manske|Magnus Manske]], substitutes pipes (<code>&thinsp;|&thinsp;</code>) and other symbols for HTML. There is an [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/html2wiki.php online script], which converts HTML tables to pipe-syntax tables.

The pipes must start at the beginning of a new line, except when separating parameters from content or when using <code>||</code> to separate cells on a single line. The parameters are optional.

=== Tables ===
A [[Table (HTML)|table]] is defined by <code><nowiki>{|</nowiki> {{var|parameters}} <nowiki>|}</nowiki></code>, which generates {{tag|table|params={{var|params}}}}.

=== Rows ===
For each table, an HTML {{tag|tr|o}} tag is generated for the first row. To start a new row, use:
 |-
which generates another {{tag|tr|o}}.

Parameters can be added like this:
 |- ''params''
which generates {{tag|tr|o|params={{var|params}}}}.

Note:
* {{tag|tr|o}} tags are automatically opened before the first {{tag|td|o}} equivalent
* {{tag|tr|o}} tags are automatically closed at another {{tag|tr|o}} equivalent and at the {{tag|table|c}} equivalent

=== Cells ===
Cells are generated either like this:
 |{{var|cell1}}
 |{{var|cell2}}
 |{{var|cell3}}
or like this:
 |{{var|cell1}}||{{var|cell2}}||{{var|cell3}}
which both generate:
 {{tag|td|content={{var|cell1}}}}{{tag|td|content={{var|cell2}}}}{{tag|td|content={{var|cell3}}}}.
The <code>||</code> equals a newline + <code>&thinsp;|&thinsp;</code>.

Parameters in cells can be used like this:
 |{{var|params}}|{{var|cell1}}||{{var|params}}|{{var|cell2}}||{{var|params}}|{{var|cell3}}
which results in:
 {{tag|td|params={{var|params}}|content={{var|cell1}}}}
 {{tag|td|params={{var|params}}|content={{var|cell2}}}}
 {{tag|td|params={{var|params}}|content={{var|cell3}}}}

=== Headers ===
{{anchor|Headings|reason=old name for section, may be linked}}
The code used produces a {{tag|th}}, functioning the same way as {{tag|td}}, but with different style and [[Semantic HTML|semantic meaning]]. A <code>&thinsp;!&thinsp;</code> character is used instead of the opening <code>&thinsp;|&thinsp;</code>, and <code>!!</code> can be used like <code>||</code>, to enter multiple headers on the same line. Parameters still use "|", though. Example:
 <nowiki>!</nowiki>{{var|params}}|{{var|cell1}}

=== Captions ===
A {{tag|caption|o}} tag is created by
<code>|+{{var|caption}}</code>
which generates the HTML {{tag|caption|content={{var|caption}}}}.

You can also use parameters:
<nowiki>|+</nowiki>{{var|params}}|caption
which generates {{tag|caption|params={{var|params}}|content={{var|caption}}}}.

== Table cell templates ==
{{tl|Table cell templates}} provide a set of templates to configure text and color in cells in a standard way, producing stock output such as "Yes", "No", and "n/a", on coloured backgrounds.

== Vertically oriented column headers ==
Sometimes it is desirable (such as in a table predominantly made of numbers) to rotate text such that it proceeds from top to bottom or bottom to top instead of from left to right or right to left. Formerly, browser support for this type of styling as a component of HTML or CSS was sporadic (Internet Explorer was one of the few browsers that supports this in cascading stylesheets, albeit in a non-standard way).

Enclose the text of each heading in a {{tl|vertical header}} template. For example:
<syntaxhighlight lang="text">
! {{vertical header|Date/Page}}
</syntaxhighlight>
If the text includes an equals sign then replace it with <code><nowiki>{{=}}</nowiki></code>.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Rotated column headers using {{tlx|vertical header}}
|-
! {{vertical header|Date/Page}}
! {{vertical header|[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games|VG: Project]]}}
! {{vertical header|[[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Video games|VG: Talk]]}}
! {{vertical header|[[Portal:Video games|VG: Portal]]}}
! {{vertical header|[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Article guidelines|VG: Article guidelines]]}}
! {{vertical header|[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Templates|VG: Templates]]}}
! {{vertical header|[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Sources|VG: Sources]]}}
! {{vertical header|[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Assessment|VG: Assessment]]}}
! {{vertical header|[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Cleanup|VG: Cleanup]]}}
! {{vertical header|[[Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Requests|VG Requests]]}}
|-
! 05/08
| 4266 || 7828 || 7282 || 1105 || 224 || 161 || 916 || 506 || 231
|-
! 04/08
| 4127 || 6190 || 6487 || 1139 || 241 || 205 || 1165 || 478 || 301
|}

An alternative solution that works in most if not all browsers is to use images in place of the text. For instance, the following table uses SVG images instead of text to produce the rotated column headers:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+ Rotated column headers using images
|- style="vertical-align: bottom;"
! [[File:wpvg hd date page.svg |alt=Date/Page |link=]]
! [[File:wpvg vg project.svg |alt=VG: Project |link=Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games]]
! [[File:wpvg vg talk.svg |alt=VG: Talk |link=Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Video games]]
! [[File:wpvg vg portal.svg |alt=VG: Portal |link=Portal:Video games]]
! [[File:wpvg vg article guidelines.svg |alt=VG: Article guidelines |link=Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Article guidelines]]
! [[File:wpvg vg templates.svg |alt=VG: Templates |link=Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Templates]]
! [[File:wpvg vg sources.svg |alt=VG: Sources |link=Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Sources]]
! [[File:wpvg vg assessment.svg |alt=VG: Assessment |link=Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Assessment]]
! [[File:wpvg vg cleanup.svg |alt=VG: Cleanup |link=Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Cleanup]]
! [[File:wpvg vg requests.svg |alt=VG Requests |link=Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games/Requests]]
|-
! 05/08
| 4266 || 7828 || 7282 || 1105 || 224 || 161 || 916 || 506 || 231
|-
! 04/08
| 4127 || 6190 || 6487 || 1139 || 241 || 205 || 1165 || 478 || 301
|}

Normally, one problem with this approach is that readers are directed to different pages when they click on the images. To eliminate this problem—or to direct readers to a {{em|different}} page—you can use the <code>|link=</code> parameter of the <code>File:</code> specification. A column header can be coded as follows:

<syntaxhighlight lang="text">
! [[File:wpvg vg project.svg |alt=VG: Project |link='''Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games''']]
</syntaxhighlight>
The image wikilinks to the page [[:Wikipedia:WikiProject Video games]].

By setting the link to an empty string (e.g. <code><nowiki>[[File:wpvg hd date page.svg |link=]]</nowiki></code>), no navigation occurs when visitors click on an image. Note that it might also be a good idea to color the image text blue if you are using the images as links. Also, SVG is the preferred image format in this case because it can be re-scaled to any size while producing fewer artifacts.

A more serious potential problem is that the "rotated text" is not text that can be used by [[screen reader]]s and other technologies for visually disabled users. So those users wouldn't be able to "read" the column headers. Also, automated search engine [[Web crawler]]s would not be able to read it either. This is solved by always using the <code>|alt=</code> parameter in the <code>File:</code> specification of each image to provide the same text as in the rotated image; see '''<code>|alt=VG: Project</code>''' in the example above.

== Wikitable as image gallery ==
<!-- This section is local to Wikipedia (hard-coded here now). Template:Ph:Reader used to redirect to this section. -->
{{Notice|This section is still recommending deprecated fixed-pixel sizes for images, and should be updated with relative sizes in <code>em</code> units.}}
A wikitable can be used to display side-by-side images, in the manner similar to that of an image gallery (formatted by {{tag|gallery}}), but with larger images and less vacant area around photos.

A simple, framed gallery can be formatted using <code>class="wikitable"</code> to generate the minimal thin lines around images within the table:

<syntaxhighlight lang="tid" style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
 |<!--col1-->[[File:Worms 01.jpg|130px]]
 |<!--col2-->[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|125px]]
 |<!--col3-->[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|125px]]
 |<!--col4-->[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|125px]]
 |-
 |<!--col1-->Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
 |<!--col2-->Worms and its sister cities
 |<!--col3-->Statue of Liberty
 |<!--col4-->New York City
 |}<!--end wikitable--></syntaxhighlight>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
 |<!--col1-->[[File:Worms 01.jpg|130px]]
 |<!--col2-->[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|125px]]
 |<!--col3-->[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|125px]]
 |<!--col4-->[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|115px]]
 |-
 |<!--col1-->Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
 |<!--col2-->Worms and its sister cities
 |<!--col3-->Statue of Liberty
 |<!--col4-->New York City
|}
An advantage of wikitable image galleries, compared to {{tag|gallery|o}} formatting, is the ability to "square" each image when similar heights are needed, so consider putting two-number image sizes (such as <code>199x95px</code>), where the second number limits height:

<syntaxhighlight lang="tid" style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
 {| class="wikitable"
 |<!--col1-->[[File:Worms 01.jpg|199x95px]]
 |<!--col2-->[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|199x95px]]
 |<!--col3-->[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|199x95px]]
 |<!--col4-->[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|100x95px]]<!--smaller-->
 |-
 |<!--col1-->Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
 |<!--col2-->Worms and its sister cities
 |<!--col3-->Statue of Liberty
 |<!--col4-->New York City
 |}</syntaxhighlight>
Note the three images sized <code>199x95px</code> appear identical height, of <code>95px</code> (the fourth image purposely smaller). The "95px" forces height, while <code>199x</code> fits the various widths (it could even be <code>999x</code>):
{| class="wikitable"
|-
 |<!--col1-->[[File:Worms 01.jpg|199x95px]]
 |<!--col2-->[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|199x95px]]
 |<!--col3-->[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|199x95px]]
 |<!--col4-->[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|100x95px]]<!--smaller-->
 |-
 |<!--col1-->Nibelungen Bridge to Worms
 |<!--col2-->Worms and its sister cities
 |<!--col3-->Statue of Liberty
 |<!--col4-->New York City
|}
Therefore, the use of size <code>199x95px</code> (or <code>999x95px</code>, or whatever) produces the auto-height-sizing beyond the {{tag|gallery|o}} tag, and with the option to set taller thumbnails (<code>199x105px</code>), or even to have some images purposely smaller than other images of <code>95px</code> height. A very short height (e.g. <code>70px</code>) allows many more images across the table:

<syntaxhighlight lang="tid" style="white-space: pre-wrap;">
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
 |<!--col1-->[[File:Worms 01.jpg|199x70px]]
 |<!--col2-->[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x70px]]
 |<!--col3-->[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|199x70px]]
 |<!--col4-->[[File:Gold star on deep red.gif|199x70px]]
 |<!--col5-->[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|199x70px]]
 |<!--col6-->[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x70px]]
 |<!--col7-->[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|199x70px]]<!--same height-->
 |-
 |}</syntaxhighlight>
The above wikitable-coding produces the result below, of 7 columns:
{| class="wikitable"
 |-
 |<!--col1-->[[File:Worms 01.jpg|199x70px]]
 |<!--col2-->[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x70px]]
 |<!--col3-->[[File:Worms Wappen 2005-05-27.jpg|199x70px]]
 |<!--col4-->[[File:Gold star on deep red.gif|199x70px]]
 |<!--col5-->[[File:Liberty-statue-with-manhattan.jpg|199x70px]]
 |<!--col6-->[[File:Gold star on blue.gif|199x70px]]
 |<!--col7-->[[File:New-York-Jan2005.jpg|199x70px]]<!--same height-->
|}

Once images have been placed in a wikitable, control of formatting can be adjusted when more images are added.

=== Shifting/centering ===
Images within a wikitable can be shifted by inserting non-breaking spaces (<code>&amp;nbsp;</code>) before or after the image code (e.g., {{nobr|1=<code>&amp;nbsp;<nowiki>[[File:...]]</nowiki></code>)}}. However, auto-centering simply requires use of the {{para||center}} parameter (see [[WP:Extended image syntax#Location]]).

In the example below, note how Col2 uses {{para||center}}, but Col3 uses <code>&amp;nbsp;</code>:
 <nowiki>
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
 |<!--Col1-->[[File:Domtoren vanaf Brigittenstraat.jpg|299x125px]]
 |<!--Col2-->[[File:Utrecht 003.jpg|299x125px|</nowiki>'''center'''<nowiki>]]
 |<!--Col3--></nowiki>'''&amp;nbsp;'''<nowiki>[[File:Uitzicht--Domtoren.jpg|299x125px]]&amp;nbsp;
 |-
 |<!--Col1-->Dom tower from Brigittenstraat
 |<!--Col2-->Cloister garth of the Utrecht Dom Church
 |<!--Col3-->&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;<small>View from bell tower</small>
 |}</nowiki>
The above coding generates the table below: note the middle garden image is centered (but not the left image), and the right image has 2 spaces before "View...", to give an approximation of centering:
{| class="wikitable" <!-- LIVE -->
|-
|<!--Col1-->[[File:Domtoren vanaf Brigittenstraat.jpg|299x125px]]
|<!--Col2-->[[File:Utrecht 003.jpg|299x125px|center]]
|<!--Col3-->&nbsp;[[File:Uitzicht vanaf de Domtoren.jpg|299x125px]]&nbsp;
|-
|<!--Col1-->Dom tower from Brigittenstraat
|<!--Col2-->Cloister garth of the Utrecht Dom Church
|<!--Col3-->&nbsp;&nbsp;<small>View from bell tower</small>
|}
Also note that the tag {{tag|small}} made a smaller-text-size caption. Fonts also can be sized by percent (<code>style="font-size: 87%;"</code>), where the exact percent-size as displayed depends on the various sizes allowed for a particular font; the browser will approximate to the nearest possible size.
<pre>
 | style="font-size: 87%;" | View from bell tower
</pre>
The column attribute, above, uses <code>style=</code> to set the font size for the caption, following the second pipe symbol.

A <code>font-size: 65%;</code> is excessively small, while <code>font-size: 87%;</code> is a mid-size font, slightly larger than that produced by the tag {{tag|small|o}}.

== Indenting tables ==
While tables should not normally be indented, when their surrounding paragraphs are also indented, you can indent tables using one or more colons ("{{code|:}}", the normal [[Help:Wikitext#Indent text|indent code]]) at the beginning of a line, the same way you'd indent any other wiki content.

Note that indentation applied to only the ''first line'' of the table definition (the line that begins with "<code><nowiki>{|</nowiki></code>") is sufficient to indent the entire table. Do not attempt to use colons for indentation anywhere within the rest of the table code (not even at the beginning of a line), as that will prevent the MediaWiki software from correctly reading the code for the table.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
:{| class=wikitable
|-
! Header 1
! Header 2
|-
| row 1, cell 1
| row 1, cell 2
|-
| row 2, cell 1
| row 2, cell 2
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
:{| class=wikitable
|-
! Header 1
! Header 2
|-
| row 1, cell 1
| row 1, cell 2
|-
| row 2, cell 1
| row 2, cell 2
|}
</div>

The same table without indentation would be like this:

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Wiki source'''
<syntaxhighlight lang=text>
{| class=wikitable
|-
! Header 1
! Header 2
|-
| row 1, cell 1
| row 1, cell 2
|-
| row 2, cell 1
| row 2, cell 2
|}
</syntaxhighlight></div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
'''Rendered result'''
{| class=wikitable
|-
! Header 1
! Header 2
|-
| row 1, cell 1
| row 1, cell 2
|-
| row 2, cell 1
| row 2, cell 2
|}
</div>

== Converting US state abbreviations to full names ==

See: [[User:Qwerfjkl/scripts/convertAbbreviations]]. This [[user script]] instantly changes them all at once. Via a "Convert abbreviations" link in the sidebar.

It saves a lot of time, especially for tables updated yearly such as the state-by-state tables in [[United States drug overdose death rates and totals over time]].

== Adding flags and linking countries, states, etc. in lists ==
:'''''This is fast. It works with compact or long table wikitext.''' Single or double bars between cells.''
:'''''Note:''' [[User:PrimeHunter]] ([[User talk:PrimeHunter|Talk]]) provided the code. Ask him for help.''
:'''''Note:''' In [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|editing preferences]] check the box: "enable the editing toolbar. This is sometimes called the '2010 wikitext editor'."''
Make sure the countries, states, provinces, or cities, etc. are in the first column. The regular expression wraps all the text in the first cell of each row with the {{tlx|flaglist}} template. {{tlx|flaglist|Country name}} So do this before adding any styling to the first column.

Click on the wikitext source editing link. Click on "Advanced" in the editing toolbar. Then click on the search and replace icon on the right. Put a check in the box called "Treat search string as a regular expression." Fill in the "Search for" box with:

<syntaxhighlight lang="ragel" inline>(\|-.*\n\|\s*)([^\|\n]*)</syntaxhighlight>

Fill in the "replace with" box with:

<syntaxhighlight lang="text" inline>$1{{flaglist|$2}}</syntaxhighlight>

Then click "Replace all". Nearly all countries, states, etc. will be linked and will have flags.

For the red links create redirects as necessary. For example, if countries, then to the correct [[:Category:Country data templates|country data templates]]. Save this initial table permanently in a user sandbox without overwriting it. This is so that the redirects are kept due to being in use on that sandbox page. Otherwise, admins will delete unused redirects, and you will have to do this tedious, time-consuming redirect task every time you fully update the table. In the edit summary of such redirects, add something like this: "Please do not delete this redirect. It is sometimes used in updates of {{elc|NAME OF ARTICLE WITH TABLE}}."

=== Adding links to specialized country, state, or territory articles ===

For example:
*[[List of U.S. states and territories by incarceration and correctional supervision rate]]
*[[List of countries by incarceration rate]]

Once you have a table with {{tl|flaglist}} or other flag template it is easy to convert the links to specialized links. So instead of '''[[Oklahoma]]''' you would have '''[[Incarceration in Oklahoma]]''', or if that article does not exist, then '''[[Crime in Oklahoma]]'''. This particular template use also left aligns the text of that column.

Use a global find-and-replace as previously described, but without regular expressions. Replace:

<code><nowiki>{{flaglist</nowiki></code>

with

<code><nowiki>{{flagg|us*eft|pref=Incarceration in|pref2=Crime in</nowiki></code>

The {{tl|flagg}} template looks for the articles. If it finds one of the two choices it adds the link and an asterisk after the state, country, territory, or other [[subnational area]] name. If it does not find either article, it just adds the standard link.

Substitute your preferred topics in the '''pref=''' and '''pref2=''' spots.

This particular use of {{tl|flagg}} parameters is '''[[mw:Help:Extension:ParserFunctions#ifexist_limits|expensive]]''' and can only be used on a few hundred links per article. Every time the article is saved it occurs, even for [[Wikipedia:Purge#Null edit|null edits]]. So only one big country table per article. Other country tables in the same article should use standard links.

In [[List of countries by incarceration rate]] the {{tl|flagg}} template creates a link to [[Incarceration in United States]]. That link is a redirect to [[Incarceration in the United States]]. Add "the" as necessary to create redirect pages. Admins will delete redirects that are not linked from within Wikipedia. So if you need to create redirects be sure to use them right away in an article table. Or keep them in a sandbox that the admins can see until you use them in an article table. See [[User:Timeshifter/Sandbox94|examples]]. See [[User:Timeshifter/Sandbox158|list]].

The use of <code><nowiki>{{flagg|us*eft</nowiki></code> is found with '''[https://global-search.toolforge.org/?q=%22us*eft%22&namespaces=&title= this global search]''' within wikitext.

== Add link brackets to text in each cell in a column ==
:'''''Note:''' [[User:PrimeHunter]] ([[User talk:PrimeHunter|Talk]]) provided the code. Ask him for help.''
:'''''Note:''' In [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|editing preferences]] check the box: "enable the editing toolbar. This is sometimes called the '2010 wikitext editor'."''

[[List of countries by intentional homicide rate]] has a main table with a region column and a subregion column. Here below is a fast way to link the regions and subregions in those columns. For example, after updating the whole table from the source. See example in [[User:Timeshifter/Sandbox159|this sandbox]].

The following assumes the syntax is a whole table row in one source line starting with a pipe and with double pipe between cells.

Click on the wikitext source editing link. Click on "Advanced" in the editing toolbar. Then click on the search and replace icon on the right. Put a check in the box called "Treat search string as a regular expression." Fill in the "Search for" box with:

<syntaxhighlight lang="ragel" inline>^(\|(.*?\|\|){m} *)(.*?)( *\|\|| *\n)</syntaxhighlight>

Change "m" to the number of the column minus 1. 2nd column from the left would be "1". 3rd column from the left would be "2". The row number column created by [[Template:Static row numbers]] is not counted in these calculations. Fill in the "replace with" box with:

<syntaxhighlight lang="text" inline>$1[[$3]]$4</syntaxhighlight >

Then click "Replace all". The "m" number may be different if a table uses rowspan or colspan.

If you then want to left align the region and subregion links do a simple find and replace. Replace the left brackets:

<syntaxhighlight lang="text" inline>[[</syntaxhighlight >

with:

<syntaxhighlight lang="text" inline>style=text-align:left|[[</syntaxhighlight >

== Aligning text in header cells versus other cells ==

If there is no global text alignment set in the top line of the table wikitext, then all text is left aligned, except for header cells which are default center aligned.

Only in tables with '''''<code>class=wikitable</code>''''' does the header cell text not follow the global text alignment set in the top line of the table wikitext.

When using '''''<code>class=wikitable</code>''''' header text now stays centered in both desktop and mobile view unless specifically changed per header cell. This is true wherever the header row is located (top, bottom, middle). Global text alignment for non-header cells is done by putting '''''<code>style=text-align:VALUE</code>''''' in the top line of the table wikitext. See example in the next section.

== Aligning the data in data columns to the right ==

Both tables below use '''''<code>class=wikitable</code>'''''
The table to the right also aligns the text and data in all cells (except header cells) to the right.

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
{| class=wikitable
|+ Basic table
|-
! Header !! Header !! Header
|-
| Text || data 12 || data 12
|-
| Text || data 123 || data 123
|-
| Text || data 1234 || data 1234
|}
</div>

<div style="display:inline-table; border: 2px solid lime; padding: 0.5em;">
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|+ style=text-align:right
|-
! Header !! Header !! Header
|-
| Text || data 12 || data 12
|-
| Text || data 123 || data 123
|-
| Text || data 1234 || data 1234
|}
</div>

If most columns consist of data cells, then you might choose to align the data to the right. It is easy. <br>
Just add <code>style=text-align:right</code> to the top line of the wikitext for the table:
:<code>{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right</code>
or
:<code>{| class="wikitable sortable" style=text-align:right</code>
and so on.

== Aligning the text in the first column to the left ==

This can be done in the wikitext source editor. In [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-editing|editing preferences]] check the box labeled: "enable the editing toolbar. This is sometimes called the '2010 wikitext editor'."

In the table section click "edit source" (wikitext editing). Click on "Advanced" in the editing toolbar. Then click on the "search and replace" icon on the right. In the popup form check the box for "Treat search string as a regular expression".

Fill in the "Search for" box with <code>(\|-\n\|)</code> <br>
Fill in the "replace with" box with
:<code>$1style=text-align:left|</code>
Then click "Replace all". All the text in the first column will be aligned to the left of their cells.

If for some reason those cells are header cells, then fill in the "Search for" box with
:<code>(\|-\n\!)</code>
Note the exclamation point for a header cell. Fill in the "replace with" box with
:<code>$1style=text-align:left|</code>
Then click "Replace all".

== Converting spreadsheets and database tables to wikitable format ==
{{see also|Wikipedia:Tools#Importing (converting) content to Wikipedia (MediaWiki) format}}
{{Hatnote|See also the visual editor section farther down, and the spreadsheet info there.}}
To convert from [[spreadsheet]]s (such as those produced by [[Gnumeric]], [[Microsoft Excel]], or [[LibreOffice]]/[[OpenOffice.org]]/[[StarOffice]] Calc), you can use the [[:toolforge:excel2wiki| Copy & Paste Excel-to-Wiki]] converter, [[:toolforge:magnustools/tab2wiki.php|tab2wiki]], or the [http://www.tablesgenerator.com/mediawiki_tables MediaWiki Tables Generator].

You can save spreadsheets as [[.csv]] and use the [https://bambots.brucemyers.com/csv2wikitable.php CSV to Wikitable] converter. Another version is [http://mlei.net/shared/tool/csv-wiki.htm here]. It has a useful auto-detect function for the delimiter.

The [http://area23.brightbyte.de/csv2wp.php CSV Converter] converts [[comma-separated values]] (CSV) format to table wikitext or to HTML. See ([[:de:Benutzer:Duesentrieb/csv2wp (en)|documentation]]). You may use this to import tables from both spreadsheets and [[database]]s (such as [[MySQL]], [[PostgreSQL]], [[SQLite]], [[FileMaker]], [[Microsoft SQL Server]] & [[Microsoft Access|Access]], [[Oracle Database|Oracle]], [[IBM Db2|DB2]], etc.).

== Converting rows to columns and columns to rows ==

Sometimes there is a need to transpose columns and rows (move rows to columns, and columns to rows). For simple tables, this can be done via the "transpose rows and columns" function of [[:toolforge:excel2wiki| Copy & Paste Excel-to-Wiki]], or via the "transpose" feature of a third-party spreadsheet program such as [[Microsoft Excel]], the free web-based [[Google Sheets]], or the free downloadable software [[LibreOffice Calc]].

To transpose the table with a third-party spreadsheet program, copy the published table on the Wikipedia page and paste it into a new blank document in your spreadsheet program. While the pasted cells are still selected in the spreadsheet, copy them again by right-clicking and choosing "Copy" from the context menu. Open a new blank spreadsheet spreadsheet, click in the upper-left cell, right click on it, and choose "Paste Special". In Microsoft Excel, check the "Transpose" box at the bottom of the dialogue and hit Okay. In Google Sheets, choose "Transposed" from the sub-menu. in LibreOffice Calc, choose "Transpose" from the sub-menu. Perform any required editing of the transposed table, and copy the new table directly from the spreadsheet program into visual editor, or into one of the wikitable converters previously mentioned, such as [[:toolforge:excel2wiki]] or [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/tab2wiki.php tab2wiki].

For more complicated operations, such as consolidating multiple rows with the same header into a single column, you can use the "pivot table" feature of an external spreadsheet program. For example; the data for the overdose rates table by state for [[United States drug overdose death rates and totals over time]] comes from a '''[[csv file]]''' and is converted to wikitable format via one of the previously mentioned csv converters, but the year headers in the left table below need to become the column headers in the right table (truncated).

<div style="display:inline-table;">
<div style="height: 10em; max-width: max-content; overflow: auto; border: 2px solid lime; padding:0 2em;">
{| class=wikitable
!scope=col| Year
!scope=col| State
!scope=col| Rate
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|AL
|16.3
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|AK
|17.8
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|AZ
|26.8
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|AR
|13.5
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|CA
|15
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|CO
|18
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|CT
|34.7
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|DE
|48
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|FL
|25.5
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|GA
|13.1
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|HI
|15.9
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|ID
|15.1
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|IL
|21.9
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|IN
|26.6
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|IA
|11.5
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|KS
|14.3
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|KY
|32.5
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|LA
|28.3
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|ME
|29.9
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|MD
|38.2
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|MA
|32.1
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|MI
|24.4
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|MN
|14.2
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|MS
|13.6
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|MO
|26.9
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|MT
|14.1
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|NE
|8.7
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|NV
|20.1
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|NH
|32
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|NJ
|31.7
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|NM
|30.2
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|NY
|18.2
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|NC
|22.3
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|ND
|11.4
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|OH
|38.3
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|OK
|16.7
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|OR
|14
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|PA
|35.6
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|RI
|29.5
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|SC
|22.7
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|SD
|10.5
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|TN
|31.2
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|TX
|10.8
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|UT
|18.9
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|VT
|23.8
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|VA
|18.3
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|WA
|15.8
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|WV
|52.8
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|WI
|21.1
|-
!scope=row| 2019
|WY
|14.1
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|AL
|16.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|AK
|14.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|AZ
|23.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|AR
|15.7
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|CA
|12.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|CO
|16.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|CT
|30.7
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|DE
|43.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|FL
|22.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|GA
|13.2
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|HI
|14.3
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|ID
|14.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|IL
|21.3
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|IN
|25.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|IA
|9.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|KS
|12.4
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|KY
|30.9
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|LA
|25.4
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|ME
|27.9
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|MD
|37.2
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|MA
|32.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|MI
|26.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|MN
|11.5
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|MS
|10.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|MO
|27.5
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|MT
|12.2
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|NE
|7.4
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|NV
|21.2
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|NH
|35.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|NJ
|33.1
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|NM
|26.7
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|NY
|18.4
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|NC
|22.4
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|ND
|10.2
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|OH
|35.9
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|OK
|18.4
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|OR
|12.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|PA
|36.1
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|RI
|30.1
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|SC
|22.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|SD
|6.9
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|TN
|27.5
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|TX
|10.4
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|UT
|21.2
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|VT
|26.6
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|VA
|17.1
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|WA
|14.8
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|WV
|51.5
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|WI
|19.2
|-
!scope=row| 2018
|WY
|11.1
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|AL
|18
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|AK
|20.2
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|AZ
|22.2
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|AR
|15.5
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|CA
|11.7
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|CO
|17.6
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|CT
|30.9
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|DE
|37
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|FL
|25.1
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|GA
|14.7
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|HI
|13.8
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|ID
|14.4
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|IL
|21.6
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|IN
|29.4
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|IA
|11.5
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|KS
|11.8
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|KY
|37.2
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|LA
|24.5
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|ME
|34.4
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|MD
|36.3
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|MA
|31.8
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|MI
|27.8
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|MN
|13.3
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|MS
|12.2
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|MO
|23.4
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|MT
|11.7
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|NE
|8.1
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|NV
|21.6
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|NH
|37
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|NJ
|30
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|NM
|24.8
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|NY
|19.4
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|NC
|24.1
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|ND
|9.2
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|OH
|46.3
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|OK
|20.1
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|OR
|12.4
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|PA
|44.3
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|RI
|31
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|SC
|20.5
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|SD
|8.5
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|TN
|26.6
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|TX
|10.5
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|UT
|22.3
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|VT
|23.2
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|VA
|17.9
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|WA
|15.2
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|WV
|57.8
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|WI
|21.2
|-
!scope=row| 2017
|WY
|12.2
|}
</div></div>

<div style="display:inline-table;">
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
!scope=col| State
!scope=col| 2017
!scope=col| 2018
!scope=col| 2019
|-
!scope=row| AL
| 18
| 16.6
| 16.3
|-
!scope=row| AK
| 20.2
| 14.6
| 17.8
|-
!scope=row| AZ
| 22.2
| 23.8
| 26.8
|}
</div>

To re-arrange the table using pivot tables, copy and paste the published Wikitable into a spreadsheet program such as freeware [[LibreOffice Calc]].

In LibreOffice Calc, first make sure the headers are in the top row. Then select a data cell. Then click on the "'''Pivot Table'''" command from the '''Insert menu.''' Click OK in the popup box. In the next dialog box drag "'''Year'''" to the "'''Column Fields'''" box, and drag "'''State'''" to the "'''Row Fields'''" box. Drag "'''Rate'''" to the "'''Data Fields'''" box. Click OK. The table will convert to the new format with the years as column headers. It is easier to do than to describe. For help see: [https://elearn.ellak.gr/mod/page/view.php?id=3015 LibreOffice: Pivot Tables] and [https://help.libreoffice.org/latest/en-US/text/scalc/guide/datapilot.html?DbPAR=CALC LibreOffice Help: Pivot Table].

If further editing is required, first copy and paste that table to a new Calc spreadsheet, to prevent complications with the existing interactive pivot table. When done editing, copy the new table (if small) directly from the Calc page into visual editor, or into one of the wikitable converters previously mentioned, such as [[:toolforge:excel2wiki| Copy & Paste Excel-to-Wiki]] or [[:toolforge:magnustools/tab2wiki.php|tab2wiki]]. Then use VE to delete the summation column and row.

== Picking selected dates from massive .csv files ==

[[COVID-19 pandemic deaths]] has a few tables by year of cumulative deaths by country on the first of each month. The source is a massive WHO ([[World Health Organization]]) '''[[csv file]].''' Download [https://covid19.who.int/WHO-COVID-19-global-data.csv here]. You could convert it to a massive wikitable as described elsewhere, and delete the hundreds of unwanted date columns over several hours.

Or you could open the csv file in a spreadsheet such as freeware [[LibreOffice Calc]]. Then delete all columns except for "Country", "Date reported", and "Cumulative deaths" columns (select, right-click column head, delete). Save as .ods file. Then use the autofilter function to select just the dates of interest from a checklist. Click anywhere in the table. Then: '''Data menu > AutoFilter.''' Dropdown menus will show up on all column heads. In the "Date reported" dropdown menu clear the "All" box by clicking it. This unchecks all the dates. Then check the dates you want. In this case all the first of the month dates for the desired year. Click OK. Save the file. See [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aVUFTQ-Ux7k video]. See: "[https://help.libreoffice.org/latest/en-US/text/scalc/guide/autofilter.html Applying AutoFilter]" in Calc help.

In order to completely remove all the unwanted data you must copy and paste that table to a new Calc [[OpenDocument technical specification#Documents|ods file]]. A simple paste works (edit menu > paste). This greatly reduces the file size. See: "[https://help.libreoffice.org/latest/en-US/text/scalc/guide/cellcopy.html Only Copy Visible Cells]" in Calc help.

On this smaller file use the "Pivot Table" method described in the previous section to put the dates as column heads. Select a data cell. Then click on the "'''Pivot Table'''" command from the '''Insert menu.''' Click OK in the popup box. In the next dialog box drag "'''Date reported'''" to the "'''Column Fields'''" box, and drag "'''Country'''" to the "'''Row Fields'''" box. Drag "'''Cumulative deaths'''" to the "'''Data Fields'''" box. Click OK. Copy and paste that table to a new Calc ods file to prevent Pivot complications, and to do further editing.

Add thousands separator as needed [[#Add commas or periods to separate every third digit in numbers|as described in another section]]. Sort latest month. Save it. Then copy that Calc table to [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/tab2wiki.php tab2wiki], or to the VisualEditor (if small). For more info go [[User:Timeshifter/Sandbox173|here]].

This method can be used for creating or updating many Wikipedia country tables that need only the latest data, or selected dates, from large multi-year data file sources. Just scrolling back and forth through one huge data file could take hours otherwise.

[[List of countries by intentional homicide rate]] has a country table that uses a source with multiple years. But the table only shows data for the latest available year for each country. Some more complex transposing needs to be done with the source spreadsheet. To do it quickly see these threads:
*[https://ask.libreoffice.org/t/how-can-i-see-only-the-latest-year-for-each-country-in-a-spreadsheet/70466 How can I see only the latest year for each country in a spreadsheet?] - for Calc.
*[[Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Computing/2021 October 28#How can I see only the latest year for each country in a spreadsheet?]] - for [[Excel]].
Those threads need to be rewritten and simplified onto new pages. See also this section: [[#Converting rows to columns and columns to rows]].

== Automated tables updated daily by bots ==
{{Hatnote|'''Note:''' Contact [[User:Tol]] ([[User talk:Tol|talk]]) for help with automated tables.}}
{{see also|Category:Automatically updated COVID-19 pandemic table templates}}
Some automated tables:
*[[Template:COVID-19 pandemic data]]. Scrolling. Used here: [[Portal:COVID-19]].
*[[Template:COVID-19 vaccination data]]. Scrolling. Used here:
**[[Deployment of COVID-19 vaccines]]
The next 2 templates are the same, except one is scrolling and one is not.
*[[Template:COVID-19 pandemic death rates]]. Scrolling. Used here:
**[[COVID-19 pandemic by country and territory]]
*[[Template:COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country]]. Not scrolling. Used here:
**[[COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country]].

== Tables and the visual editor (VE) ==
{{See also-text|[[mw: Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing tables]]|[[Help:Introduction to tables with VisualEditor]]|[[commons:Commons:Convert tables and charts to wiki code or image files|Commons:Convert tables and charts to wiki code or image files]].}}

Some table operations are easier in the visual editor.  Some rare actions, such as adding colored backgrounds, can't be done in the visual editor.

The visual editor does not work on talk pages. It does work on your user page ([[Special:MyPage]]), and its [[Wikipedia:Subpages|subpages]]. But if you have a long user page VE may take a long time to load or publish. VE will load very fast in short or empty pages. So to get VE work done efficiently user sandboxes help a lot: [[Special:MyPage/Sandbox]], [[Special:MyPage/Sandbox2]], [[Special:MyPage/Sandbox3]], etc.. Share the link in discussions or when asking for help. You can save sandboxes on a specific topic if used in discussions. Otherwise reuse them. To find all your sandboxes and subpages: [[Special:PrefixIndex/User:]] – click link, add user name to the spot labeled "Display pages with prefix:".

=== Insert blank row or column ===
Click on a column or row header. Then click on the arrow. From the popup menu click on "Insert".

=== Move or delete columns and rows ===
In VE click on a data cell, or its column or row headers. Then click on the arrow that shows up near the header. From the popup menu click on "Move" or "Delete". If the table is using {{tl|static row numbers}} template you will temporarily need to remove the template and its subtemplates (if used). You can alternate between source editing and VE editing to do so. Without having to publish until the task is completed.

In freeware [[LibreOffice Calc]] select the column or row. Then click and hold the [[Alt key]]. Then drag the column or row where you want it. You can drag from anywhere in the row or column except for the row number or column letter.

=== Copy column from one table to another ===
This is useful for many things. For example; for quickly updating country lists, or adding/updating a rank column. See [[Help:Sorting]] about rank columns and row numbers. See also: [[commons:Commons:Convert tables and charts to wiki code or image files|Commons:Convert tables and charts to wiki code or image files]]. See the section on updating [[List of countries by incarceration rate]].

Launch the visual editor. In the column you are copying click the header cell or whatever top cell you want. Then shift-click a cell farther down or at the end of the column. This will select the column down to that cell. Then click "copy" from the edit menu of your browser. In some browsers you can do this from the popup context menu. Then click any blank spot on the page to deselect the column.

Go to the column you want to replace or fill in (in this table or another one). Be sure visual editor has been launched. If you are copying the whole column including the header cell select just the header cell for that column by clicking on it. Then click "paste" from the edit menu of your browser. You can paste into a blank column the same way. Just select the header cell. Then from your browser: edit menu > paste.

Or you can select part of a column and paste into it. For example; if you don't want to replace the header cell.

All of the above will sometimes work when copying to or from a column in a spreadsheet (such as freeware [[LibreOffice Calc]]). If there is a problem, then paste that spreadsheet column into [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/tab2wiki.php tab2wiki] first, and copy the wikitext.

After combining the columns into one table, you may notice that VE created a mishmash of compressed and uncompressed wikitext. If this is a problem, it can be fixed by pasting the table into [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/tab2wiki.php tab2wiki].

'''Note:''' The visual editor will copy templates (as in a column of country/state/province names with flag templates), but it will not copy inline styling such as styling used to left align those names. That can be added back all at once in any text editor. For example; if the flag template is the only template in the table, then replace <code>{{</code> with <code>style=text-align:left|{{</code>

=== Copy or delete multiple rows ===
Click on the top corner cell of the area you want to select. Then shift-click on the opposite top corner cell in the same row. Then go straight down and shift-click on the bottom corner cell on the same side of the area you want to select. You will now have a rectangle or square selected of the table.

Click on "copy" or "cut" as needed from the edit menu of your browser. "Delete" will not work for multiple rows and columns.

Click on the top left corner cell of the area you want to paste into in a table. Then click "paste" from the edit menu of your browser. It can take from a few seconds to up to a minute for very large areas. You might want to do this work in a sandbox first. Then save and edit further before putting anything in an article.

"Cut" will empty the selected cells. It does not delete them. Once empty though it is very easy to delete all the empty cells, rows, and columns in the source editor. Switch over to it by clicking the arrow at the top right of the editing window.

It may be even faster to use the visual editor to copy the parts you want from the table into a new blank table.

=== Copy table from web page to the visual editor ===
You can copy and paste some tables from a web page directly into the [[WP:Visual Editor|visual editor]] (VE). Not all tables work. Use an empty sandbox to do this most quickly. Save it, and edit further before pasting it into an article.

Select the table on the web page. Then click "copy" from the edit menu of your browser. In some browsers you can do this from the popup context menu. Launch visual editor on any page. Then paste the table into the page.

If that does not work, click on the insert menu, and then "table". It usually has the first header in the table selected. Then click on "paste" from the edit menu of your browser. It may take awhile for the table to show up. It can take 3 seconds, or up to a minute for very large tables.

=== Copy table from web to Excel2Wiki to wikitext editor to VE ===
For copying web page tables that can't be copied directly into the visual editor (as described in the previous section): Try copying the table into '''[https://excel2wiki.toolforge.org Excel2Wiki],''' or [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/tab2wiki.php tab2wiki]. Click "convert". Copy and paste the table wikitext into the wikitext editor. Save. Do further editing in VE.

=== Copy list (not in table) to Excel2Wiki to wikitext editor to VE ===
Paste any list (text and/or numbers) into '''[https://excel2wiki.toolforge.org Excel2Wiki].''' Click "convert". Copy and paste the table wikitext into the wikitext editor. Save. Do further editing in VE. For example; add more columns, or copy the column and paste it into other tables. Before pasting a list into Excel2Wiki you may want to remove a block of text. Some text editors can do this when text is set to a [[fixed-width font]] such as [[Courier New]]. For example; freeware [https://www.notetab.com/notetab-light NoteTab Light]: Modify menu > Block > Cut. Fill in popup form with starting column, block width, block rows. Click OK and that rectangle of text is removed. This saves a lot of time.

=== Sort alphabetically or numerically with free spreadsheet and VE ===
:'''''Note:''' For more info see [[Help:Sorting]]. See the section on putting a table in initial alphabetical order.''

Many things can be done in spreadsheet programs that can not be done on wiki. Select and copy a table right off of a page (do not go into the wikitext or the HTML). Paste the table into a spreadsheet program such as freeware [[LibreOffice Calc]] (see free [https://documentation.libreoffice.org/en/english-documentation guide]), or another spreadsheet program. See [[List of spreadsheet software]].

In Calc click on any cell in the column you want sorted, and then click on one of the sort options in the data menu at the top of the Calc window. Click on "ascending" or "descending" to sort alphabetically or numerically depending on the column contents. Click on "sort" for more options.

To move the header row(s) back up to the top: Select the entire row(s). To select the entire row(s) click on the Calc numbered columns located on the far left of any sheet. Press and hold ALT key. Left click and hold any cell within that section (row numbers won't work). Using the mouse drag and drop the source row(s) to its destination. Release the mouse button.

To avoid this problem when doing an alphabetical sort, select all of the table except the header rows. To do so with multiple columns click the top left non-column-header cell, and then shift-click the bottom right cell. When you click on "ascending" or "descending" in the data menu the table will be sorted alphabetically. That is the default.

Paste that sorted table (or just the selected columns of interest) into a new table in the visual editor. Copy directly from the spreadsheet, and then paste directly into a new visual editor table where the first header cell has been selected. It may take up to a minute. If there is a problem, then paste into [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/tab2wiki.php tab2wiki] first, and copy the wikitext.

=== Copy table from PDF to visual editor ===
Upload PDF to free online PDF-to-Excel site. For example; [https://www.pdftoexcel.com here]. Download the Excel file. Open it in freeware [[LibreOffice Calc]] or another spreadsheet program. If you just want one table from a long Excel page, you can select that table from the Calc page. Then copy the table to a new page in Calc.

Edit and move columns and rows in Calc. To drag a column first select it by clicking its header number. Then press and hold the ALT key. Then click a data cell, and drag the column to a new location. Or right click and delete the selected column (no need for ALT key). Rows are similarly moved (with the ALT key pressed), or deleted. Sort as described in the previous section.

Copy the table to a wiki sandbox. In Calc select the table. Copy directly from it, and then paste into a new visual editor table where the first header cell has been selected. It may take up to a minute. If there is a problem, then paste into [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/tab2wiki.php tab2wiki] first, and copy the wikitext.

=== Add commas or periods to separate every third digit in numbers ===
Countries use commas, periods, and spaces to separate every third [[Arabic digit|digit]] in numbers. See: [[Thousands separator]].

To replace spaces with commas or periods, paste the list, row, or column into a text editor ([[MS Notepad|Notepad]] for example). Use replace (from edit menu in Notepad). See previous sections to learn how to copy that corrected list into a table.

If you are already in a spreadsheet use find-and-replace after selecting the column or row in question.

If there is no separator between every third digit, then paste the list, row, or column into a spreadsheet (LibreOffice Calc for example). To do that click the first column head in the blank spreadsheet. This will select that column. Then click paste from the edit menu of Calc. From the popup box click "fixed width". Uncheck everything else. Click OK. This will paste it into the first column. In Calc save it in the default .ods format. This will allow the next step.

If there are multiple columns select the top left data cell (not the header cell or this will not work). Then Shift-click on the bottom right data cell. This will select all the data cells. Don't select any text or date cells. Or deselect just the text or date cells by ctrl-click.

Click "'''number format'''" from the '''format menu'''. Then click "thousands separator" from the submenu. This will add commas or periods depending on the default language you have selected in Calc for the locale setting. (tools menu > options > language settings > languages > formats > locale settings). For example; with English you might select USA, UK, South Africa, or one of the many other English speaking countries that are listed for English. Copy that column to a Wikipedia table via VE.

Consider also a parser function {{Pf|Formatnum}} and template {{Tl|Formatnum}} (see {{Section link|Help:Magic_words|Formatting}}), and familiarizing yourself with [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers]].

=== Round off numbers (usually to zero decimal places) ===

Most of the time, especially with dollars and cents, the data is more useful to readers when rounded off to no decimal places.

It is easy to do in a spreadsheet. For example; in LibreOffice Calc select the column by clicking the very top of its column. Then go to the Format menu > Cells. A popup will show up. Click the "Number" category. Choose the number of decimal places (zero if you don't want any decimal points). You can also choose from the example list.

That popup page is also where you choose a thousands separator or not. Choosing from the example list will also check or uncheck that box. When done copy that table or column to a Wikipedia table via VE. If there is a problem, then paste into [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/tab2wiki.php tab2wiki] first, and copy the wikitext.

=== Summing or averaging a list of numbers ===

Launch VE. In a table select a column, or part of a column of numbers. To do so click the top cell you want. Then shift-click a cell farther down or at the end of the column. This will select the column down to that cell. If this is not possible, you may need to first comment out, or temporarily delete some table templates such as those for {{tl|Static row numbers}}. Use a sandbox.

Upon selection in VE you will immediately see a popup box with a sum total of the selected cells, and an average.

== See also ==
* [[Help:Introduction to tables with Wiki Markup]]: an introduction to tables.
* [[Help:Basic table markup]]: the fundamentals of table wiki markup.
* [[Help:Sorting]]: information about sortable tables.
* [[Wikipedia:Advanced table formatting]]: advanced topics.
* [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Tables]]: the Manual of Style indicates best practices for tables.
** [[Wikipedia:Table dos and don'ts]]: a quick guide to the Manual of Style for tables.
* [[:meta:Help:Table|Help:Table]] on Meta
* [[User:Dcljr/Tables]]: table tutorials.
* [[Table (HTML)]]: tags used for HTML tables.
* [[:Category:Wikipedia tables]]

=== Templates ===
* [[:Category:Table templates]]: all the templates that use tables.
* [[:Category:Multi-column templates]]: templates for using columns without tables.
* [[:Category:Chart, diagram and graph templates]]
* [[:Category:Chart, diagram and graph formatting and function templates]]
* [[:Category:Wikipedia template editors]]
* {{tl|List to table}}: template and its maintenance category: [[:Category:Articles requiring tables]]
* {{tl|Horizontal TOC}}: good for country lists in table format.
* {{tl|Table}}: template for specifying table CSS classes such as "wikitable" and "collapsible"
* {{tl|Aligned table}}: for specifying tables as a template, allowing inclusion in other templates and areas where table syntax is problematic.
** Examples:
** {{tl|Chess diagram}}: chess board template.
** {{tl|Goban}}: Go board template.

== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=note}}
<references />

== External links ==
* [[:de:Wikipedia:Technik/Text/Basic/EXCEL-Tabellenumwandlung|VBA-Macro for EXCEL tableconversion]], published in German Wikipedia project ([[:de:Wikipedia:Technik/Text/Basic/EXCEL-Tabellenumwandlung/en|English]] translation included)
* [https://magnustools.toolforge.org/html2wiki.php html2wiki - HTML tables to wiki converter at WMF Labs]
* [https://excel2wiki.toolforge.org excel2wiki - copy/paste Excel-to-Wiki converter at WMF Labs]
* [https://www.tablesgenerator.com/mediawiki_tables Tables Generator], a WYSIWYG table generator for Mediawiki markup
* [http://wikitable.eu5.org/ Wikitable Editor], a visual table editor in wiki code
* [https://metacpan.org/author/DIBERRI HTML-WikiConverter], various versions and languages
* [http://pywikipediabot.sourceforge.net/ pywikipediabot], can convert HTML tables to wiki
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/ Table of CSS color names and HEX codes]
* [[phab:T42763|Phabricator request]] for floating table headers
*[https://pypi.org/project/tabulate/ tabulate] - Python module for converting data structures to wiki table markup
*[https://pypi.org/project/wikitables/ wikitables] - Python module for reading wiki table markup

===Wikimedia sister projects===

* {{Wikibooks-inline|Editing Wikitext/Tables}}
* {{Wikibooks-inline|Editing Wikitext/Tables Ready to Use}}
* [[mw:Help:Tables]]: MediaWiki help page on tables.
* [[m:Wiki markup tables]]: Meta-Wiki information on tables.
* [[m:Help:Sorting]]: Meta-Wiki information on sortable tables.
* [[m:Table background colors]]: MediaWiki background colors table.
* [[commons:Commons:Chart and graph resources|Commons:Chart and graph resources]]: Chart and graph resources at Commons
* [[commons:Commons:Convert tables and charts to wiki code or image files|Commons:Convert tables and charts to wiki code or image files]]: includes information on converting table markup.

{{Help navigation}}
{{Wikipedia technical help|collapsed}}

[[Category:Wikipedia tables| ]]
[[Category:Wikipedia how-to]]
[[Category:Wikipedia text help]]