View source for Tobacco Authority of Thailand

{{Infobox company
| name = Tobacco Authority of Thailand
| logo = การยาสูบแห่งประเทศไทย.png
| logo_size = 
| logo_caption = 
| image = 
| image_size = 
| image_alt = 
| image_caption = 
| trade_name = 
| native_name = การยาสูบแห่งประเทศไทย
| native_name_lang = th
| romanized_name = 
| former_name = Thailand Tobacco Monopoly (TTM)
| type = [[State-owned enterprise|Government-owned]]
| traded_as = 
| ISIN = 
| industry = Tobacco
| predecessor = Thailand Tobacco Monopoly (TTM)
| founded = {{plainlist|
*{{Start date|1939|04|19}} (as TTM)
*{{Start date|2018|05|14}} (as TOAT)
}}
| founder = <!-- or: | founders = -->
| defunct = <!-- {{End date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
| hq_location = [[Khlong Toei District|Khlong Toei]] 
| hq_location_city = Bangkok
| hq_location_country = Thailand
| num_locations = 7<ref name="TA-20180328"/>
| num_locations_year = 2018
| area_served = Thailand
| key_people = Daonoi Suttiniphapunt (managing director)
| products = Tobacco and cigarettes
| brands = 
| production = 
| production_year = <!-- Year of production data (if known) -->
| revenue = 68,176 million baht
| revenue_year = FY2017
| net_income = 9,343 million baht
| net_income_year = FY2017
| assets = 27,797 million baht
| assets_year = FY2017
| num_employees = 3,000
| parent = [[Ministry of Finance (Thailand)|Ministry of Finance]]
| divisions = 
| subsid = 
| website = {{Official website|https://www.thaitobacco.or.th/en/}}
| footnotes = 
}}

The '''Tobacco Authority of Thailand''' ({{lang-th|การยาสูบแห่งประเทศไทย}}; {{rtgs|Kan Ya Sup Haeng Prathet Thai}}) (TOAT), is a Thai [[state enterprise]] and the sole legal entity permitted to produce [[tobacco]] products in the country, mostly cigarettes. It was previously known as the '''Thailand Tobacco Monopoly''' (TTM), and operated as a non-juristic state enterprise under the [[Ministry of Finance (Thailand)|Ministry of Finance]] until 14 May 2018 when it was corporatized as a [[juridical person|juristic organization]] and assumed its new name.<ref name="TA-20180328"/>

In its early days, the TTM had a monopoly over the manufacturing and distribution of tobacco products.<ref name="chairmanmessage">{{cite web| url=http://www.thaitobacco.or.th/eng/about/about-2-9-2058.html| title=Message from the Chairman| author=Mrs Jantima Sirisaengtaksin| website=Thailand Tobacco Monopoly| access-date=2012-01-05| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110906051315/http://www.thaitobacco.or.th/eng/about/about-2-9-2058.html| archive-date=2011-09-06| url-status=dead}}</ref> The ratification of the [[ASEAN]] Free Trade Area agreement in 1992 meant that foreign tobacco companies could now distribute their own cigarettes in Thailand, and foreign companies could share in the Thai market.<ref name="chairmanmessage" />

As of 14 May 2018, the Thailand Tobacco Monopoly was corporatized as the Tobacco Authority of Thailand. According to the ''Tobacco Authority of Thailand Act 2018'' as announced in the ''[[Royal Thai Government Gazette]]'', the act allows TOAT to set up limited companies or public companies related to TOAT's business. These companies are permitted to have foreign shareholders hold up to 49 percent of total company shares. TOAT can also hold shares in other companies if relevant to TOAT's business.<ref name="TA-20180719">{{cite news |title=Thailand Tobacco Monopoly No Longer a State Enterprise |url=https://www.tobaccoasia.com/news/thailand-tobacco-monopoly-no-longer-state-enterprise/ |accessdate=28 August 2018 |work=Tobacco Asia |date=2018-07-19}}</ref>

==History==
The Thailand Tobacco Monopoly was established in 1939, initially in collaboration with [[British American Tobacco]], but since 1949 it has operated solely under the control of the [[Thailand Ministry of Finance|Ministry of Finance]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.thaitobacco.or.th/eng/about/about-2-0-2039.html| title=History| author=TTM| website=TTM| access-date=2012-01-05| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830213538/http://www.thaitobacco.or.th/eng/about/about-2-0-2039.html| archive-date=2011-08-30| url-status=dead}}</ref>

TTM was a top financial contributor to the Thai treasury and has contributed funds to local administrative organisations as well as purchasing product at above market rates from 15,000 tobacco farming households nationwide who collectively farm 80,000-90,000 [[Rai (unit)|rai]].<ref name="BP-20180828" />

==Operations==
TTM purchased [[tobacco leaf]] through eight offices around the country, and also imports some tobacco from international suppliers. TTM produces nine brands of cigarettes.<ref name="TA-20180328">{{cite news |last1=Schmid |first1=Thomas |title=Thailand Tobacco Monopoly: Bravely Soldiering On |url=https://www.tobaccoasia.com/features/thailand-tobacco-monopoly-bravely-soldiering-on/ |accessdate=28 August 2018 |work=Tobacco Asia |date=2018-03-28}}</ref> Sales in 2009 were 50 billion baht, including exports. Net profits were 5.8 billion baht. Export sales in 2009 were down 60 percent on 2008. TTM's brands are Krongthip, Wonder, Falling Rain 90, Goal, LINE, Royal 90, Samit 90, SMS, and Gold City 90.<ref name="TA-20180328"/> At the end of 2009, the TTM had a total of 4,247 employees.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.thaitobacco.or.th/eng/about/about-2-5-2053.html| title=Performance| author=TTM| website=TTM| access-date=2012-01-05| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830213459/http://www.thaitobacco.or.th/eng/about/about-2-5-2053.html| archive-date=2011-08-30| url-status=dead}}</ref>

The TTM was one of the most profitable state enterprises, returning substantial revenues to the state treasury.<ref name="bangkokglobalplayer">{{cite news|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/business/economics/267163/ttm-considers-tie-up-abroad-with-global-player| title=TTM considers tie-up abroad with global player| author=Wichit Chantanusornsiri| work=Bangkok Post| date=21 November 2011}}</ref>

In November 2011, TTM announced it was looking for a tie up with a global tobacco company in order to enhance TTM's technology and management. Though TTM has a domestic-market volume share of 79 percent, foreign tobacco products have a 75 percent share of the market's value. The TTM is aiming to improve the efficiency of its operations before tobacco import duties are eliminated under the [[ASEAN]] Free Trade Area agreement and the [[ASEAN Economic Community]] (AEC) is formed in 2015.<ref name="bangkokglobalplayer" />

TTM operates a seven facilities across the country, on a total land area of 7,000 [[Rai (unit)|rai]] (11.2 square kilometers). Cigarettes are manufactured at three locations in Bangkok and also at a new factory in [[Ayutthaya Province|Ayutthaya]]. All cigarette manufacturing will be moved to Ayutthaya by 2020 and the Bangkok factories will be shut down.<ref name="TA-20180328" /> The new factory, opened 27 August 2018, will have a production capacity of 60,000 cigarettes per day.<ref name="BP-20180828" />

In 2016 TTM revenues were more than 72 billion baht (US$2.1 billion). In fiscal year 2017, TOAT reported revenues of 68,176 million baht, total assets of 27,797 million baht, net profit of 9,343 million baht. It contributed 62,577 million baht to the Thai treasury.<ref>{{cite web |title=Summary of Financial Status and Performance for Fiscal Year 2016 - 2018 |url=https://www.thaitobacco.or.th/en/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/2018.pdf |website=Tobacco Authority of Thailand |accessdate=21 August 2019}}</ref> For 2018 TTM expects to earn below 70 billion due to projected market share losses.<ref name="TA-20180328" />

==Management==
The TTM is managed by a board of directors and an executive team led by the managing director.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thaitobacco.or.th/eng/about/about-2-3-2050.html|title=Board of Directors 2011|website=TTM|year=2011|access-date=2012-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830213543/http://www.thaitobacco.or.th/eng/about/about-2-3-2050.html|archive-date=2011-08-30|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{Asof|2018}} Ms Daonoi Suttiniphapunt is managing director of TTM.<ref name="BP-20180828">{{cite news |last1=Chantanusornsiri |first1=Wichit |title=Cigarette tax hike likely pushed to 2021 |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/news/1529534/cigarette-tax-hike-likely-pushed-to-2021 |accessdate=28 August 2018 |work=Bangkok Post |date=28 August 2018}}</ref> The acting chairman of TTM is Mr. Amnuay Preemanawong, who is also the [[Inspector General]] of the [[Thailand Ministry of Finance|Ministry of Finance]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www2.mof.go.th/picture_news_detail.php?id=4614| title=Home Defense with Thailand Tobacco Monopoly Project|website=Thailand Ministry of Finance}}</ref>

TTM employs about 3,000 workers (March 2018).<ref name="BP-20180305" />

==Electronic cigarettes==
[[Electronic cigarette]]s have been outlawed in Thailand since 2014.<ref name=Taylor2019>{{cite news|url=https://thethaiger.com/news/national/thailand-launches-renewed-crackdown-on-electronic-cigarettes|title=Thailand launches renewed crackdown on electronic cigarettes|last=Taylor|first=May|publisher=The Thaiger|date=10 October 2019}}</ref> In mid-2019, the prime minister reaffirmed his pledge to keep e-cigarettes banned. Prime Minister [[Prayut Chan-o-cha]] said that, "...the government cannot simply consider the economic impact...E-cigarettes will impact people's health and place an extra burden on the country's health-care budget". He went on to say that the [[Ministry of Public Health (Thailand)|Public Health Ministry]] should work harder to educate the public on the health effects of vaping, while officials should crack down further on the illegal sale of e-cigarettes.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Bangprapa|first1=Mongkol|title=PM to keep e-cigs illegal|url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/1733799/pm-to-keep-e-cigs-illegal|accessdate=21 August 2019|work=Bangkok Post|date=21 August 2019}}</ref>

==Excise taxation==
In September 2017 the Excise Department raised taxes on cigarettes. Under the new rules, packs of cigarettes with a retail price over 60 baht are subject to a 40 percent [[excise]] tax levy while cheaper packs incur a lower rate of 20 percent. Foreign manufacturers subsequently lowered their prices to avoid the high tax. TTM is unable to lower its prices due to the high cost of Thai tobacco, 22 baht per kilogramme, which is higher than the world market price, and it high costs of manufacturing and overhead. As a result, its market share has plunged to about 55 percent of the market, down from 80 percent before the tax changes. TTM's sales fell sharply to 30 billion cigarettes from 42 billion a year after the excise tax structure was revamped.<ref name="BP-20180828" /> For [[Fiscal year|FY2018]] TTM projects a loss of 1.5 billion baht, the first shortfall in its 79-year history.<ref name="BP-20180305">{{cite news |last1=Chantanusornsiri|first1=Wichit|title=Tobacco Monopoly feels the burn from new excise rates|url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/news/1422374/tobacco-monopoly-feels-the-burn-from-new-excise-rates |accessdate=28 August 2018 |work=Bangkok Post |date=2018-03-05}}</ref>

==Controversies==
In August 2010, three major US tobacco merchants pleaded guilty to charges relating to the payment of bribes to officials of TTM. According to US court documents, from 2000 to 2004, subsidiaries of Dimon Inc., Standard Commercial Corp., and [[Universal Corp.]], sold Brazilian-grown tobacco to TTM. Each of the three companies retained sales agents in Thailand, and collaborated through those agents to apportion tobacco sales to TTM among themselves, coordinate their sales prices, and pay kickbacks to TTM officials in order to ensure that each company would share in the Thai tobacco market. To obtain these sales contracts, Dimon paid bribes to TTM officials totalling US$542,590 and Standard paid bribes totaling US$696,160, during the course of the four years. Universal admitted that its subsidiary in Brazil paid approximately US$697,000 in kickbacks to TTM officials over the period.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/2010/August/10-crm-903.html | title=Alliance One International Inc. and Universal Corporation Resolve Related FCPA Matters Involving Bribes Paid to Foreign Government Officials | author=Office of Public Affairs | publisher=Department of Justice | date=6 August 2010}}</ref>

In May 2005 Dimon Inc. and Standard Commercial Corp. merged to form [[Alliance One International]], a leading independent leaf tobacco merchant serving the world's largest cigarette manufacturers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aointl.com/| title=Company Overview | author=Alliance One|website= Alliance One}}{{nonspecific|date=August 2018}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:State enterprises of Thailand]]
[[Category:Tobacco companies of Thailand]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Bangkok]]
[[Category:Companies established in 1939]]
[[Category:1939 establishments in Thailand]]